Sir Richard Hilliard (Hildyard), Knight - First there were three John Hilliard's in London, and then there were three John Hilliard's in Colonial Virginia...are they the same people?

Started by Steven Robert Hilliard on Monday, December 5, 2022
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Richard Hilliard, of Exeter, goldsmith is known to have had a son named John Hilliard in addition to his better-known son Nicholas Hilliard.

I propose this John Hilliard as likely being his son, and this John Hilliard as likely being his grandson.

By February 16, 1623, three Hilliard’s were already (https://www.jamestowne.org/1623-lists-of-living--dead.html) dead at Elizabeth Cittie, Virginia.

Two John Hilliard’s, and one Gregory Hilliard

There is a Gregory Hilliard who got married on 16 Oct 1615 in London, but I haven’t yet found any record of his birth. However, since he was living in Elizabeth Cittie, Virginia in close proximity to two John Hilliard’s at the time of his death, then I will provisionally identify him as another grandson of Richard Hilliard, of Exeter, goldsmith .

Nicholas Hilliard is known to have had a son named Robert Hilliard.

I propose this Robert Hilliard as likely being his son, and this John Hilliard, of Surry County as likely being his grandson.

That’s three John Hilliard’s who were known to be alive in London at the time of the founding of the (https://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/colonial/jb_colonial_subj.html) American Colonies, and three different John Hilliard’s who are known to have made it to Virginia/Maryland in the early 1600’s.

My 8th great grandfather John Hilliard, of Surry County is (https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005802252) well-known to have been the first Hilliard to have successfully settled in Virginia/Maryland.

I propose that that John Hilliard, of Surry County is most-likely the same man as this John Hilliard, of Surry County, who (provisionally) was a grandson of
Richard Hilliard, of Exeter, goldsmith.

My 8th great grandfather’s wife Jane Hilliard ’s great grandfather was
(https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/19765) Sir Robert Napier, MP who was knighted in 1593 by Elizabeth I and appointed chief baron of the exchequer in Ireland.

He (https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/19765) “was the third son of James Napier of Swyre, Dorset, and his wife, a daughter of the Hilliard family, also of Dorset”.

Her grandfather was Sir Nathaniel Napier and her uncle was Sir Gerard Napier, MP, 1st Baronet of More Crichel

Her brother, Col. Thomas Ballard, Speaker, House of Burgesses who was together with my 8th great grandparents in Colonial Virginia, (https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005802252) became Speaker of the House in 1680-84.

Does anyone have any additional sources or thoughts on the subject of how these two different sets of three John Hilliard’s (one set of three in London, England, and another set of three in Colonial Virginia) might be related to each other (i.e., are they the same people)?

This John Hilliard is born at Barking in Essex. What makes him a son of a man, Richard Hilliard, of Exeter, goldsmith born at Yorkshire and died at Devon?

Locations ….

Fill in bio data per profile as much as you can, and references for vital Statistics (birth / marriage / death). There very well might be wills.

And the family is incomplete.

From the profile for Nicholas:

Nicholas Hilliard

Hilliard was made a freeman of the Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths in 1569.[2] He set up a workshop with his younger brother John; another brother was also a goldsmith, and the youngest a clergyman.[4] He married Brandon's daughter Alice (1556–1611) in 1576[7] and they had seven children.

I don’t think Richard Hilliard, of Exeter, goldsmith was the son of Christopher Hildyard, 4th Lord of Winestead or the same Richard “Hillyard” who married Debora Hilliard in 1587 (at a very advanced age).

Not sure if records are available from The Goldsmiths Company that would help define his family better, but we know from his son’s biographies that there were 4 sons and two daughters.

In addition

Something I read led me to think that he was "treasurer of London", and if he worked in London, then it would be natural that his family would grow there.

According to this (https://rammcollections.org.uk/2019/05/07/the-hilliard-family-in-ex...): "The son of Cornish goldsmith John Hilliard, Richard was born c.1520...Richard married Laurence, the daughter of his master John Wall, and had several children. His second son Jeremy inherited the business in 1594, having trained as a goldsmith with his father."

So, his father is John Hilliard?!?, not Christopher Hildyard, 4th Lord of Winestead?

And his son is Jeremy (Jeremiah?).

John Hilliard of Virginia's sons were John and Jeremiah.

Don’t leap ahead just yet, there’s much more to be filled in on this Exeter in Devon family. It looks to me, so far, that Nicholas Hilliard, the star, certainly flourished in London, but his brothers stayed in Exeter.

One issue to keep in mind is that this was a very Protestant / Reformer family.

Here’s a “ Name Index To Exeter Goldsmiths' Guild Trans. Devon. Assoc. vol. 44 (1912) pp. 438-479.”

https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/DEV/Exeter/Chanter1912

So it’s a matter of finding that book in Archive.Org to fill in the rest of the Family of Hilliard, Richard (pages 442-7)

And no, Richard Hillier he was not in London. So the Richard who married Debora Hilliard is probably a different man.

https://archive.org/details/ReportAndTransactionsOfTheDevonshireAss...

Richard Hilliard (1548-1594). The first notice I have of him is a reference in Hooker, where he is mentioned at the time of the siege of Exeter in Edward VI's reign. He was a Bailiff of the city in 1556, and Sheriff in 1568. He resided in the parish of St. George. From his will, which was dated 2 November, 1586, and proved 9 August, 1594, some particulars of his family may be gathered. He had three sons. Nicholas Hilliard, the eldest, to whom he left his lands in St. Pancras, Exeter, together with the patronage of the Church of St. Pancras, does not appear to have held any public position in the city. Jeremy Hilliard, the second, succeeded his father in the business of a goldsmith, and will be mentioned later on. Ezekiel Hilliard, the third, took orders, was Rector of Stokeclimsland, and died in 1614. The goldsmith's widow, Laurence Hilliard, who was his executor, died in 1604. There were also four daughters. Anne, married—Averie; Mary, married — Beane; Frances, and Parnell.

That is a great find, thank you!

There are several Ezekiels in my family line, I have met one of them.

I wonder why John Hilliard (brother of Nicholas) is not mentioned? He must have died before 1594 (not in Richard’s will) and no further records with the Exeter goldsmiths. Yet he’s mentioned with having a workshop with Nicholas.

John, brother of Nicholas, cannot have been the same man as John Hilliard But perhaps this John is related.

John Hilliard of Virginia was about 60 years older than Nicholas, so he would be one, two, three generations below him.

He was in London on 25 Mar 1634 to board a ship to Maryland, either the Ark or Dove.

If Nicholas actually did have a brother Robert, then John Hilliard could still be of Virginia.

I agree that the first two John Hilliards and Gregory Hilliard probably didn't decend from Richard Hilliard or Exeter, but I still think that they may be connected to this family and will look for a different path that they may have taken.

Registers of St. Vedast, Foster Lane, London - Marriages The Publications of the Harleian Society: Registers. Page 4. "Nicholas Hilliard and Alice Brandon were married the xvth day of July 1576."

Which is the same Parish as the marriage of Suzanna Hilliard to a John Hilliard in 1606

England Marriages, 1538-1973 Marriage: Aug 10 1606 - Saint Vedast Foster Lane And Saint Michael Le Querlo, London, London, England Wife: Suzanna Darby

These are the parish registers for St. Vedast

https://archive.org/details/registersofstved30stve/page/134 - burial of stillborn child (marriages are also in this volume.)

https://archive.org/details/registersofstved29stve/page/10/ - baptisms, starting with Daniel.

I’m not having a lot of luck on John beside the 1605 Marriage to Suzanne Darby

Nicholas Hilliard and Alice Hilliard were married at St. Vedast, and all of their children were baptized there, but that entire family moved somewhere else after that.

There is a clean break with that family, and then John Hilliard and William Hilliard were both married there in 1606. But, there is no record of who their parents were or where and when they were born.

It seems plausible that they were both the sons of John Hilliard, goldsmith and that Nicholas Hilliard had adopted them. But once they became of age, those two families grew apart.

This John Hilliard was buried there in 1665, so he didn't to Virginia.

This Richard Hildyard appears likely to be the same man as this Richard Hilliard, of Exeter, goldsmith

This Richard Hildyard had a doctorate from Oxford, and was rector of Winestead and Barmston.

He was a participant in the Pilgrimage of Grace, and fled to Scotland; last known to be resident there in 1543. Henry VIII tried to get him back (in order to execute him) in a prisoner exchange, but that never happened.

This Richard Hilliard, of Exeter, goldsmith had a son named Ezekiel who graduated with an M.A. from Cambridge, and was rector at Stokeclimsland, Cornwall, England.

“B.A. from PETERHOUSE, 1573-4; M.A. 1577. Fellow, 1577. Obtained leave for two years' travel, Oct. 1592. Ord. deacon and priest (Peterb.) June 9, 1595. Senior proctor, 1596-7. Fellowship resigned on acceptance of a benefice, 1599. Will (Exeter) 1614; V. of Stoke Climsland. (T. A. Walker.)”

And this same Richard Hilliard, of Exeter, goldsmith was involved in the siege of Exeter (http://www.exetermemories.co.uk/em/_events/1549_rebellion.php).

This bio (https://rammcollections.org.uk/2019/05/07/the-hilliard-family-in-ex...) states that Richard Hilliard, of Exeter, goldsmith was “The son of Cornish goldsmith John Hilliard, Richard was born c.1520. He was apprenticed to John Wall then admitted to Freedom in 1546, having satisfied his master that he had learned the trade to an acceptable standard.”

However, I don’t find goldsmith named John Hilliard or John Wall working in the 1500’s here: https://gemology.se/gill-library/gemjewelry/Silver_n_Gold_Work/Engl...

There are probably some additional goldsmith’s guild records either in Cornwall or York or both that can clarify where it was that he was actually apprenticed as a goldsmith.

I will keep looking for those, but I haven’t found them yet.

Henry VIII died in 1547, and Richard Hilliard, of Exeter, goldsmith 's history in Exeter began in 1548.

He may have apprenticed as a goldsmith in Scotland.

Richard Hilliard, the goldsmith is explicitly stated to not be related to the Hildyard family of Winestead in Yorkshire. Among other issues they are geographically located nowhere near each other.

A thought that the goldsmith was trained abroad might be valid, as was his son Nicholas, so there were ties to the Dutch Calvinist community.

Geography wasn't an obstacle to Richard Hildyard, at all.

https://academic.oup.com/ehr/article/133/563/806/5045391

Maybe he didn't move to Exeter incognito, but the Pilgimage of Grace and the Exeter Conspiracy are so closely linked that there is a book by that title:

brittlebooks.library.illinois.edu
https://brittlebooks.library.illinois.edu › ...PDF
the pilgrimage of grace 1536-1537

One of these Richard Hilliard's is a priminent player in one, and the other Richard Hilliard is a prominent player in the other.

If Richard Hilliard, his father John Hilliard, and his teacher Wall were all settled in Cornwall for decades, then that's that. But where did Richard Hilliard train under Wall?

In London. Wall was a London goldsmith. Richard’s father was John, not Peter, and they were not gentry.

Okay, I didn't find them in the list of English goldsmiths.

Where did you find them?

John Wall was mentioned as a London goldsmith in the Wikipedia article. Here’s a little more detail:

Nicholas Hilliard, Erna Auerbach. Routledge & Paul, (1961) - Painters - 352 pages

www.geni.com/media/proxy?media_id=6000000189587465822&size=large

The London Goldsmith company book is limited view.

There are many biographies of Nicholas Hilliard. If he had been from the landed gentry, it would lead front and center. It doesn’t. His father was locally prominent in Exeter and called a gentleman, but gentry were not tradesmen and craftsmen.

The London Goldsmiths, 1200-1800: A Record of the Names and Addresses of the Craftsmen, Their Shop Signs and Trade Cards

https://books.google.com/books?id=XSjrAAAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvo...

www.geni.com/media/proxy?media_id=6000000189587664829&size=large

Thank you.

You are probably right, and obviously well experienced at this.

There are many John Hilliards who undoubtedly were landed gentry, and very closely related to Richard Hildyard of Winestead.

That family suffered enormously because of the Pilgrimage of Grace, and I will focus on them.

They all had a huge motive to get onto pilgrim ships.

Be careful by identifying religion. Yorkshire gentry were often Catholic recusants, and they were not welcome at Jamestown. Archer has to disguise his belief. And this is why the Maryland colony was started.

The goldsmith Hilliards were radical Protestants, who were not especially welcome at Jamestown, either.

And, the first three Hilliards didn't last long there. I don't know exactly why.

Parish registers at Winested and Reston would be nice.

Gregory Hilliard is a rare name. I've only seen one in London.

Correction on the Ballard line.

This source relies Boddie, and in fact covers the Boddie family itself. And they don’t have the English origins for Col. Thomas Ballard, Speaker, House of Burgesses

Society and family book. Topics Allston family., Williams family., Boddie family., Hilliard family. Publisher [Littleton, N.C. : The Society, page 40 - < Archive.Org > has what they label the “Hilliard Chart” to describe the early Ballard. / Hilliard tree in Virginia:

www.geni.com/media/proxy?media_id=6000000189599182834&size=large

This unknown Ballard was not the same as Thomas Ballard, of London who married Anne Ballard They had a daughter Anne only, and never went to Virginia.

The Ballard widow married William Thomas, of York County and his daughter married her son. That son married 2nd to Alice Ballard (who were her parents?) and his sister married (her brother in law?) John Hilliard, of Surry County

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