Abderramán I (Abd al-Rahman) al-Dajil ibn Muawiya ibn Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik, emir de Córdoba

Abd al-Rahmân I al-Dâkhil ibn Mu'âwiya, Amir al-Qurtubi

b. 731, d. 788

Father Muawiya ibn Hishâm al-Dimashqi1,2 b. 715, d. 736

Mother Raha the Berber1 b. circa 716

'Abd al-Rahmân I al-Dâkhil ibn Mu'âwiya, amir al-Qurtubi was named in full: Abdul-Rahman bin Muawiah bin Hisham bin Abdul-Malik.3 Saqr Quraish.4 Of the Umayyad.

'Abd al-Rahmân I al-Dâkhil ibn Mu'âwiya, amir al-Qurtubi also went by the name of 'Abd al-Rahmân "the Immigrant".5 He was born in 731 at Damascus, Syria.3 He was the son of Muawiya ibn Hishâm al-Dimashqi and Raha the Berber.1,2

'Abd al-Rahmân I al-Dâkhil ibn Mu'âwiya, amir al-Qurtubi was the first cousin, twice removed, of the last Umayyed Caliph of Damascus, and as a member of the Umayyad House, in danger of being hunted down and killed by the Abbassid rebels, he fled to Spain after 750.6 He flourished between 750 and 788.6 He was attacked and defeated the Governor of al-Andalus, Emir Yusuf Al-Fahri, in 755.6,3 He crossed over to Spain and was warmly met by his future aids and supporters on 24 August 755 at Almunecar, to the east of Malaga, al-Andalus, Spain.7 He married Khazraf (?) before 756.1

'Abd al-Rahmân I al-Dâkhil ibn Mu'âwiya, amir al-Qurtubi was the founder of the Umayyad Dynasty in Andalusia.3 Emir of Córdoba at Al-Andalus, Spain, between 756 and 788.6,3,8 He began his campaign for the creation of the Umayyad state in Al-Andalus by capturing Seville in March 756.7 He captured Cordoba with little effort in May 756.7 He faced two uprisings by Yemeni Arabs, the first one under ostensible 'Abbâsid patronage, between 760 and 769.5 He faced a more serious challenge from the Miknâsa Berber Shakya, who harassed Umayyad columns from mountain strongholds between 768 and 776.5 He became involved with international politics when the Muslim governor of Zaragoza plotted against 'Abd al-Rahmân along with an 'Abbâsid envoy, finally calling upon Charlemagne for help. The Frankish king beseiged Zaragoza when the governor's subjects refused to open the city to him and retired in failure when news of a rebellion in Saxony reached him in 778.3,5 He died in 788 at age 57 years. At his death, he left a strong caliphate to his son Hishâm.1,3

Family

Khazraf (?) b. circa 736

Children:

1. Hishâm I ibn 'Abd al-Rahmân, amir al-Qurtubi+ b. 756, d. 7961,3

Citations

[S187] Royal Genealogy Database, online http://www.dcs.hull.ac.uk/public/genealogy/

[S1411] Stanley Lane-Pool, The Mohammadan Dynasties, pg. 11.

[S469] Al-Islam.com, online http://www.al-islam.com/

[S469] Al-Islam.com, online http://www.al-islam.com/, "The Eagle of Qureish".

[S515] Thomas F. Glick, Islamic and Christian Spain, pg. 38.

[S172] Various Encyclopaedea Britannica.

[S967] Anabtawi, online http://www.artopedia.com/index.html

[S653] PoH, online http://www.friesian.com/

Wikipedia article excerpt:

Abd ar-Rahman I (Arabic: عبد الرحمن الداخل; known as "the Immigrant", also the "Falcon of Andalus" or "The Falcon of the Quraysh"; 731 – 788) was the founder of the Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba (755), a Muslim dynasty that ruled the greater part of Iberia for nearly three centuries (including the succeeding Caliphate of Córdoba). The Muslims called the regions of Iberia under their dominion al-Andalus. Abd ar-Rahman's establishment of a government in al-Andalus represented a branching from the rest of the Islamic Empire, which had been usurped by the Abbasid overthrow of the Umayyads from Damascus in 750.

Born near Damascus in Syria, Abd ar-Rahman, grandson of Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik, was the son of the Umayyad prince Mu'awiyah ibn Hisham and a Berber concubine. He was twenty when his family, the ruling Umayyads, were overthrown by a popular revolt known as the Abbasid Revolution, occurring in the year 750. Abd ar-Rahman and a small selection of his family fled Damascus, where the center of Umayyad power had been; people moving with him include his brother Yahiya, his four-year old son Sulayman, and some of his sisters, as well as his former Greek slave (a freedman), Bedr. The family fled from Damascus to the River Euphrates. All along the way the path was filled with danger, as the Abbasids had dispatched horsemen across the region to try and find the Umayyad prince and kill him. The Abbasids were merciless with all Umayyads that they found. Abbasid agents closed in on Abd ar-Rahman and his family while they were hiding in a small village. He left his young son with his sisters and fled with Yahiya. Accounts vary, but Bedr likely initially escaped with Abd ar-Rahman. Some histories indicate that Bedr met up with Abd ar-Rahman at a later date.

Family

Abd ar-Rahman was the son of Mu'awiyah, son of Hisham, son of Abd al-Malik according to Abd el-Wahid Merrakechi when reciting his ancestry. [23] Abd ar-Rahman's mother was a member from the Nafza Berbers with whom he found refuge after the murder of his family in 750. [24]

Abd ar-Rahman married a woman named Hulal. She is said to be the mother of Hisham. Abd ar-Rahman was the father of several sons, but the identity of their mother(s) is not clear:

1. Sulayman (745-800)[25] Governor of Toledo. Exiled after he refused to accept his brother Hisham's accession to the throne. Returned to challenge his nephew in 796, captured and executed in 800.
   
2. Omar (?- before 758) Captured in battle and executed by Fruela I King of Asturias. [26]
   
3. Hisham I (757-17 Apr 796) Emir of Cordoba.
   
4. Abdallah
   

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_ar-Rahman_I

Medlands

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/MOORISH%20SPAIN.htm#_Toc252555313

ABD-er-RAHMAN, son of MUAWIYA & his wife --- of the Nafza Berbers ([729]-7 Oct 788). The Chronicon Albeldense names “Abderrhaman” as the son of “Mavia”[46]. Abd el-Wahid Merrakechi records "…Abd er-Rahman ed-Dakhil b. Moawiyya b. Hicham b. Abd-el-Melik…" when reciting the ancestry of his remote descendant "El-Motadd billah" Emir of Córdoba[47]. One of the few survivors of the Umayyad dynasty after the Abbasid revolution 750, he fled to North Africa seeking refuge with his mother's Berber family. He sent Badr, his chief supporter, to make contact with the Umayyad supporters in Andalucía. He crossed to Almuñecar in early Autumn 755, marching on Córdoba next Spring where he defeated the Qaysi army and entered the capital in May 756. Ibn-el Kouthya records that "Abd-errahman" entered Sevilla "dans les derniers jours du mois de chouwal"[48]. The Anales Toledanos record that “Abderrame Adael” entered Andalucía in 754[49]. He was proclaimed ABD er-RAHMAN I Emir of Córdoba 14 May 756, founding the Umayyad Emirate of Cordoba. Ibn-el Kouthya records the installation in Andalucía of "Abd-errahman, fils de Moawia, fils de Hicham"[50]. Although he allowed his predecessors Yusuf al-Fihri and al-Sumayl to retain their lands and live in Córdoba, the former resented Abd al-Rahman's rise to power. He escaped to Merida where he raised an army of Berbers, but was defeated and murdered near Toledo [759/60]. The al-Fihri family continued to hold Toledo until Hisham bin Urwa al-Fihri was captured and executed in 764. The Abbasid Caliph Abu Jafar al-Mansur attempted to regain control of Andalucía in 763 through al-Ala bin al-Mughith al-Yahsubi, his representative from Beja in southern Portugal, but Abd al-Rahman defeated and killed the latter at Carmona. He began the construction of the mosque at Córdoba, consolidating the city's position as capital. The Chronicon Albeldense records that “Abderrahaman Iben Mavia” reigned 33 years in Córdoba[51].

[m] (b) (756) HULAL, daughter of ---. Ibn-el Kouthya records that "la fille de Youçouf" offered "une jeune esclave…Houlal" to Abd er-Rahman, adding that she became the mother of Hisham[52].

Children:

1. SULAYMAN ([745]-executed 800). Ibn-el Kouthya names "Soleiman et Hicham" as the two sons of Abd er-Rahman[53]. Appointed Governor of Toledo by his father. He refused to accept his brother's accession in 788, but was defeated near Jaen and obliged to surrender 789. He was expelled to North Africa, although with a cash payment of 60,000 dinars. He returned to Spain to challenge his nephew's accession in 796, but was surrendered by the Berber Governor of Merida Asbagh bin Wansus and executed.
2. OMAR (-killed Puentedeume [before 768]). The Chronicle of Alfonso III, records that, while still "adolescens", Omar led a Muslim force in Galicia where he was captured by Fruela I King of Asturias and killed[54].

Abd er-Rahman & his concubine (b) had one child:

1. HISHAM (Córdoba 757-17 Apr 796). Ibn-el Kouthya records that "la fille de Youçouf" offered "une jeune esclave…Houlal" to Abd er-Rahman, adding that she became the mother of Hisham[55]. Abd el-Wahid Merrakechi records "…Hicham b. Mohammed b. Abd er-Rahman ed-Dakhil b. Moawiyya…" when reciting the ancestry of his remote descendant "El-Motadd billah" Emir of Córdoba[56]. Ibn-el Kouthya names "Soleiman et Hicham" as the two sons of Abd er-Rahman[57]. Appointed Governor of Merida by his father. He arrived at Córdoba within days of his father's death, and was greeted as HISHAM I Emir of Córdoba. According to Arab sources, Emir Hisham was "passionate about the holy war", sending two armies into battle in 791[58]. The first phase of the mosque at Córdoba was completed during the early part of his reign. He foiled a plot to depose him in favour of his cousin Muhammad al-Qasim in 805, which he repressed with great severity. An uprising in Córdoba in 818 was also put down with extreme severity. The Chronicon Albeldense records that “Eiscam” reigned seven years and six months in Córdoba, adding in a later paragraph that he was the son of “Abderrhaman”[59]. [m] (a) ZOKHRUF, daughter of ---. Abd el-Wahid Merrakechi names "une concubine…Zokhrouf" as the mother of Emir Hakam I[60]. Hisham I & his concubine (a) had one child: al-HAKAM ([770/75]-822)
2. ABD ALLAH "al-Balansi". On his nephew's accession, he visited Charlemagne at Aachen to solicit support unsuccessfully. After attempting to establish himself at Huesca, he was forced southwards to Valencia from where he reached agreement with his nephew in 802 to remain in power with a monthly salary of 1000 dinars. Abd Allah had one child: UBAYD Allah .
3. an unnamed son who had one child: MUHAMMAD bin al-Qasim . He was the unwilling focus of a plot to depose Emir al-Hakam in his favour in 805, but revealed it to the Emir.

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Abd Al Rahman I de Córdoba (b. 731, d. 788)

Abd Al Rahman I de Córdoba (son of Hisham I Mansourah Omíada) was born 731, and died 788. He married Zaibra.

Notes for Abd Al Rahman I de Córdoba: BIOGRAPHY: Tinha um olho vesgo, era muito alto, loiro e com os cabelos com duas tranças.

Era sóbrio e amante da caça. Sentia paixão pela poesia e extremamente culto.

Imigrado do médio Oriente de onde fugiu para salvar a vida, desembarco

Children of Abd Al Rahman I de Córdoba and Zaibra are: +Hisham I de Córdoba, b. 01 Mar 757, d. 28 Apr 796.