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Alexander Avenarius is a doctor of a Finnish descendent, and of the Juusten family.
He was born on 19 December 1797 in Vuole, Ingria.
In 1741 one of the Avenariuses Georg Khristian was appointed pastor of Vuoles parish which is 60 versts off Saint Petersburg near the Finnish border. Georg Khristian Avenarius was born on 7 February 1709. He received University education, got married and had 6 children. Among them was his son Alexander who became the forefather of the Russian dynasty of the Avenariuses.
Alexander Yegorovich was born in Vuoles on August 31, 1759. He also received University education and after his father's death in 1787 he became senior priest of Vuoles parish. In 1781 he married Anna Stråhlman and had five sons with her, two of whom, Alexander and Jacob, were closely connected with Peterhof. His other son Peter (1894-1854), who had 15 children, was closely connected with Tsarskoe Selo where he was a pastor and taught catechism at Alexandrovsky lyceum.
As it has already been mentioned Alexander, the youngest son of Alexander Yegorovich Avenarius, was born on December 19, 1797. Having received primary education at home he graduated from Petersburg Medical Surgical Academy with the rank of a physician of the 1st department. He first he began to work in Obukhovsky hospital in the capital and on the 12th of January 1823 he was assigned as a physician to Strelyany; farmstead and patrimony of His Highness.
Evidently physician Avenarius attracted grand duke Konstantin Pavlovich who owned Strelna at that time. The same year Alexander Alexandrovich married Elizabeth, daughter of the physician Peter Ivanovich Lindström. He lived with her in a wooden house in Strelna. It is quite possible that the bride's father presented the newlyweds a plot of land in Peterhof as a wedding present.
At that time it was located near invalid houses of Life Guards Dragoon regiment (now here is N14 house Saint Petersburg prospect). Lindström received this plot of land in 1823 and immediately presented the project of the country house made by architect Franz Petrovich Brouwer. The head of Peterhof palace administration Jacob Yakovlevich Eichen sent the project for approval to the director of the palace board of administration in Tsarskoe Selo Jacob Vasiljevich Zaharzrhevsky. Brouwer's project was rejected. Instead of it was othe project was assigned to architect Vasily Maximovich. Gornostayev who worked for Zaharzhevsky at that time. This time there were no obstacles for the construction of the house and Peter Ivanovich Lindström built a house at his timber stock exchange in Strelna and transported it to Peterhof. At this time this plot of land was already registered for his daughter Elizabeth who married as mentioned before Alexander Alexandrovich Avenarius.
Since the end of December 1825 Russia was ruled by Nicholas I who made his goal to make Peterhof his permanent summer residence. He began to visit this place frequently and in autumn 1826 during one of his arrivals he drew the attention of the minister of imperial court prince Peter Mikhalovich Volkonsky to the facade of the "the house of doctor Avenarius at the driveway to the town on the big street " which he did not like.
Soon Volkonsky in his report sent to Zaharzhevsky on the 26th of November 1826 wrote that with the permission of his imperial majesty "Major-General Eichen was ordered to send the approved facade with the plan. I dispatch this plan for redesigning the facade designed by architect Rossi to your excellency for execution with the label marked by letter "A". At the same time I order you to present henceforth all the facades and plans of new constructions for my approval. Rebuke architect Gornostayev for the wrong facade submitted by him. Since this time all the projects of new buildings or any reconstructions in Peterhof were sent to the Minister of imperial court who after inspecting them showed them to the emperor and in case of their approval appended instructions approved with the permission of His Imperial Majesty."
Apparently Avenarius was the first person in Peterhof whom Nicholas I made rebuild his summer cottage in the course of its construction. In 1832 Alexander Alexandrovich was appointed senior doctor of Peterhof infirmary and moved to Peterhof preserving his house in Strelna too. At that time Peterhof imperial infirmary was practically the only medical institution in the whole growing town (besides it there was another small infirmary attached to the imperial lapidary factory) and Avenarius was the only doctor there. Many Peterhof dynasties owe their lives to this man who had worked in Peterhof for many years.
As evidenced by the nephew of Alexander Alexandrovich teacher Nicholay Petrovich Avenarius who published his book "Our family chronicles" in Warsaw in 1872, his uncle: "was characterized by lively temperament and constant need of activity, ..., in spite of all his different official duties and significant practice he always found time for his favorite occupation construction and hunting. If there are inborn inclinations Alexander Alexandrovich had a calling of an architect. Considering monetary interests to be of secondary importance he was striving to fulfill plans that appeared in his head..."
Infatuation of Alexander Alexandrovich with construction activity manifested itself in full measure in Small sloboda (that was how New Peterhof was called at that time ) where starting with 1826 a few years after the buildings of the regiment were pulled down he put up buildings sequentially on all the territory along Pochtovaya street up to the corner of Olginskaya street which was built in early 1830's and also another plot of land in Jaegersky street in Old Peterhof. Alexander Alexandrovich parted with all his estates in Peterhof within different periods of time after finishing their construction with the exception of one building in Peterhof street in Jaegerskaya sloboda which remained his property till the end of his life. The area obtained by Lindström in Small sloboda was 20 sazhen wide along the road and in 1835,Elizaveta Petrovna, wife of Alexander Alexandrovich, got permission to build one more house.
In 1839 the Avenariuses had a contract for three plots of land with buildings in this Peterhof sloboda. Of these constructions only one stone two-storeyed building has been preserved till today (at present it houses cafe "Moncourage" ) at the corner of Saint Petersburg prospect and Olginskaya street. In Jaegerskaya street was also preserved a formerly two-storeyed stone house (now the third floor has been added) with mansards with services of Avenarius near former offices (houses N7 and N9 in Peterhof street). The house was built in 1848 and two years later Alexander Alexandrovich sublet it for hotel "Darmstadt" which stopped functioning only at the beginning of the last century.
It should be noted that starting with 1868 for about ten years this house was used as Peterhof district prison instead of a hotel, its main building being on the territory of the buildings of the Offices (the complex survived). Avenarius built stone constructions of brick at his own plant in Strelna as well as at his plant near Personal dacha which he rented for some time.
On the 5th of April 1847 Alexander Alexandrovich submitted an application for his transfer as a the head doctor to Kalinkin hospital in the capital at the suggestion of physician in ordinary Arendt. His request was approved and Avenarius left the service at Peterhof infirmary not terminating his contacts with Peterhof where remained cottages built by him. In 1858 by order of emperor Alexander II, Avenarius was sent to Novgorod gubernia "to take part in meetings of the nobles on account of abolishing serfdom" and on the 5th of March 1866 he retired because of his illness. During his long labour activity Alexander Alexandrovich got the rank of a councillor of the state and received a number of rewards.
Only various diamond rings according to the Imperial order did he receive ten and he was also awarded with the order of Saint Vladimir of the 4th class, the order of Saint Stanislav of the 2nd class and the order of Saint Ann of the 2nd class with the Imperial crown.
He was a member of the Finnish Literary society. Having retired Alexander Alexandrovich philanthropized, treated poor people free of charge supplying them also with free medicines, he often lived in Peterhof where he helped his son who was building in Gostilitsky street opposite the railway station "Old Peterhof" to build a summer cottage and cultivate a garden.
Alexander Alexandrovich and Elizaveta Petrovna had nine children Among them were five sons: Konstantin, Alexander, George, Nikolay and Peter and four daughters: Sophia, Adelaide, Pauline and Natalia. Full councillor of the State Alexander Alexandrovich died on the 14th of December in 1892 five days before his 95 anniversary and was buried in the family memorial crypt of the Avanariuses at Holy Trinity cemetery of Peterhof where are buried his wife Elizaveta Petrovna who died on the 9th of February 1881, his two sons and other representatives of this dynasty what would be told below.
As for the children of Alexander Alexandrovich it was possible to establish the following facts:
http://dokumente.ios-regensburg.de/amburger/index.php?id=61023
Some data about Avenarius family tree. The most reliable can be considered the study made by J.Mukula and J.Avenarius according to which the ancestors of Russian Avenariuses were Finns. This fact is confirmed by numerous documents. The main connecting link with other representatives of Avenarius family tree is their belonging to Lutheranism. They are also integrated by the family name itself. The chain Habermann -Kauranen -Avenarius when translated into Russian means oatsman (or simply Ovsov in Russian). Due to the fact that in the spiritual world of that time Latin dominated, preference was given to Latin names Thus the family name. AVENARIUS became firmly established. The origin of the Russian branch of Avenarius family is connected ethnically with Finns and Swedes as well as with Germans and Russians which left its specific imprint on its further history .So having become Russian national subjects the first Avenariuses still used to speak Finnish or Swedish for a long time at home and only later the Russian and the German language became their way of life. Russianizing of the family is especially marked at the turn of XIX – XX centuries. If for obvious reasons the first marriages with Germans practicing Evangelical and Lutheran religion prevailed, by the beginning of the XX century men loyal to the tsarist monarchy started marrying their Orthodox partners.
Александр Авенариус (19 [30] декабря 1797, Вуолы, Российская империя – 14 [26] декабря 1892, Петергоф, Российская империя) – русский врач, судмедэксперт, старший врач Калинкинской больницы. Исполняющий обязанности статского советника. Брат Я. А. Авенариуса, отец П. А. Авенариуса
Родился 19 декабря 1797 года в Вуолесе Ингермаландии, умер 14 декабря 1892 года в Петергофе.
Учился в училище Св. Петри, в 1814-1816 изучал медицину в Дерптском университете и в 1819-20. в медико-хирургическом отделении Обуховской больницы в Санкт-Петербурге и по окончании получил звание врача первой категории. Он занял эту должность в 1821 году. вольнослушателем в Обуховскую больницу и 12 января 1823 г. приписан к особняку Стрельнинской и имению великого князя Константина Павловича. 16.02.1824 стал врачом и в 1828 г. утвержден военным врачом. В 1832 году императорским указом он был переведен в Петергоф старшим врачом с званием придворного врача, где в 1843 году возглавил придворный лазарет. В 1847–1852 годах переведен в Калинкинскую больницу в Петербурге на должность старшего врача. стал членом медицинской комиссии полиции. В 1855 году ему был присвоен чин ДСС с званием «отличника». Член Финляндского литературного общества в 1858 году. По повелению Всевышнего был переведен в Новгородскую губернию для участия в дворянском собрании по случаю освобождения крестьян от крепостной зависимости. Уволен 5 марта 1866 г. по болезни. В свободное время он занимался благотворительностью, т. е. бесплатным лечением бедных и бесплатным снабжением домашними лекарствами.
Он был прирожденным архитектором и много строил. Он также страстно любил охоту и был большим любителем лошадей.
Награжден орденами Владимира IV, Станислава II и Анны II с Императорской Короной. В награду он всегда получал бриллианты и кольца с бриллиантами.
Левый:
https://amburger.ios-regensburg.de/index.php?id=61023[https://pdf-book.ru/books/istorichesky-proza/page-5-90260-sergei-... rossiiskoi.html Высшие чиновники Российской империи. Краткий словарь - Сергей Волков стр. 5
Aleksandr Avenarius (19 [30] dekabrya 1797, Vuoli, Rossiyskaya imperiya – 14 [26] dekabrya 1892, Petergof, Rossiyskaya imperiya) – russkiy vrach, sudmedekspert, starshiy vrach Kalinkinskoy bol'nitsy. Ispolnyayushchiy obyazannosti statskogo sovetnika. Brat YA. A. Avenariusa, otets P. A. Avenariusa
Rodilsya 19 dekabrya 1797 goda v Vuolese Ingermalandii, umer 14 dekabrya 1892 goda v Petergofe.
Uchilsya v uchilishche Sv. Petri, v 1814-1816 izuchal meditsinu v Derptskom universitete i v 1819-20. v mediko-khirurgicheskom otdelenii Obukhovskoy bol'nitsy v Sankt-Peterburge i po okonchanii poluchil zvaniye vracha pervoy kategorii. On zanyal etu dolzhnost' v 1821 godu. vol'noslushatelem v Obukhovskuyu bol'nitsu i 12 yanvarya 1823 g. pripisan k osobnyaku Strel'ninskoy i imeniyu velikogo knyazya Konstantina Pavlovicha. 16.02.1824 stal vrachom i v 1828 g. utverzhden voyennym vrachom. V 1832 godu imperatorskim ukazom on byl pereveden v Petergof starshim vrachom s zvaniyem pridvornogo vracha, gde v 1843 godu vozglavil pridvornyy lazaret. V 1847–1852 godakh pereveden v Kalinkinskuyu bol'nitsu v Peterburge na dolzhnost' starshego vracha. stal chlenom meditsinskoy komissii politsii. V 1855 godu yemu byl prisvoyen chin DSS s zvaniyem «otlichnika». Chlen Finlyandskogo literaturnogo obshchestva v 1858 godu. Po poveleniyu Vsevyshnego byl pereveden v Novgorodskuyu guberniyu dlya uchastiya v dvoryanskom sobranii po sluchayu osvobozhdeniya krest'yan ot krepostnoy zavisimosti. Uvolen 5 marta 1866 g. po bolezni. V svobodnoye vremya on zanimalsya blagotvoritel'nost'yu, t. ye. besplatnym lecheniyem bednykh i besplatnym snabzheniyem domashnimi lekarstvami.
On byl prirozhdennym arkhitektorom i mnogo stroil. On takzhe strastno lyubil okhotu i byl bol'shim lyubitelem loshadey.
Nagrazhden ordenami Vladimira IV, Stanislava II i Anny II s Imperatorskoy Koronoy. V nagradu on vsegda poluchal brillianty i kol'tsa s brilliantami.
Levyy:
https://amburger.ios-regensburg.de/index.php?id=61023[https://pdf-book.ru/books/istorichesky-proza/page-5-90260-sergei-... rossiiskoi.html Vysshiye chinovniki Rossiyskoy imperii. Kratkiy slovar' - Sergey Volkov str. 5
Einige Informationen zum Avenarius-Stammbaum. Am zuverlässigsten kann die Studie von Y. Mukula und Y. Avenarius angesehen werden, wonach die Vorfahren des russischen Avenarius Finnen waren. Diese Tatsache wird durch zahlreiche Dokumente bestätigt. Die Hauptverbindung zu anderen Vertretern der Familie Avenarius ist ihre Zugehörigkeit zum Luthertum. Sie werden auch durch den Nachnamen selbst vereint. Die ins Russische übersetzte Kette Habermann-Kauranen-Avenarius bedeutet Hafer (oder einfach Ovsov auf Russisch). Aufgrund der Tatsache, dass Latein die geistige Welt jener Zeit dominierte, wurden lateinische Namen bevorzugt. AVENARIUS war fest etabliert. Der Ursprung des russischen Zweigs der Familie Avenarius ist ethnisch mit den Finnen und Schweden sowie mit den Deutschen und Russen verbunden, was in seiner weiteren Geschichte eigene spezifische Spuren hinterließ. So sprachen die ersten Avenarius, nachdem sie russische Staatsbürger geworden waren, noch Finnisch oder Schwedisch. Sie blieben lange Zeit zu Hause und erst später wurden Russisch und Deutsch zu ihrem Lebensstil. Die Russifizierung der Familie machte sich besonders an der Wende vom 19. zum 20. Jahrhundert bemerkbar. Wenn sich aus offensichtlichen Gründen die ersten Ehen mit Deutschen durchsetzten, die sich zum evangelischen und lutherischen Glauben bekennen, dann begannen zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts Männer, die der zaristischen Monarchie treu blieben, orthodoxe Partner zu heiraten.
1797 |
December 16, 1797
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Vuole, Ingria, Russia (Russian Federation)
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1824 |
December 23, 1824
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Petergof, Saint Petersburg, Russia (Russian Federation)
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1826 |
February 21, 1826
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Saint-Petergof, Russia (Russian Federation)
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1828 |
December 10, 1828
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Petergof, Saint-Peterburg, Russia (Russian Federation)
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1829 |
June 9, 1829
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St Petersburg, Russia (Russian Federation)
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1831 |
April 10, 1831
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Strelna, Sankt-Petersburg, Russia (Russian Federation)
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1833 |
May 19, 1833
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Вениоки (Царская славянка), St Petersburg, Russia (Russian Federation)
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1835 |
July 11, 1835
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Petergof, Saint Petersburg, Russia (Russian Federation)
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1838 |
1838
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Petergof, Saint Petersburg, Russia (Russian Federation)
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1843 |
May 23, 1843
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Petergof, Sankt-Petersburg, Russia (Russian Federation)
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