Charles was a Cherokee man

Uncertain parents

The woman called "Na-ye-hi Conrad" is listed here as the mother of Chief Charles Renatus Hicks and the Cherokee wife of white trader Nathan Hicks. Little is known about her and her family is speculative based on a statement in the Moravian diaries that says, "the very sick Gunrod left his own family to live with Charles Renatus Hicks a very close relative." Researcher James Hicks interprets this to mean that Charles Hicks was Gunrod's nephew, and that "Na-ye-hi" was his (Gunrod's) sister. Emmet Starr stated that Nathan Hicks wife was "a full-blood woman of the Wolf clan," [1] which would mean she was not the daughter of a white trader.

Biography

Charles was born about 1767 at Tomatly, Cherokee Nation (East) to Nathan Hicks and his Cherokee wife, possibly Na Ye Hi Conrad. Charles fathered a son, Nathan "Wolf" with an unknown mother. [2] Charles was married to Na- Ye-Hi/Nancy Broom. Their children were Nancy, Charles, Elijah, Elizabeth, Elsie, Sarah, Jesse, Leonard and Edward. Charles was a supporter of the Moravian missionaries and was baptized by them on April 16, 1813, and given the name of "Renatus." [3] He became a member of the Cherokee Council in 1815 and served as Second Principal Chief while Pathkiller was Principal Chief. Charles suffered from a condition which left him largely bed-ridden for the last few years of his life. He served as Principal Chief for only ten days after Pathkiller died, passing away in January, 1827 in what is now Spring Place, Georgia. [4] He is buried at the Moravian Mission Cemetery at Spring Place.[5]

Sources

1. ↑ Hampton, David K. and Baker, Jack D., eds. Old Cherokee Families Notes of Dr. Emmet Starr. Baker Publishing Co., Oklahoma City, OK. 1987. p. 119 note C641
2. ↑ Starbuck, Richard, ed. Records of the Moravians Among the Cherokees. Cherokee Heritage Press, Tahlequah, OK. 2017. Vol. 7, p. 3480
3. ↑ McClinton, Rowena, ed. The Moravian Springplace Mission to the Cherokees. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, NE. 2007. Vol. I, pp. 528-529
4. ↑ Ruff, Rowena M. Notable Persons in Cherokee History: Charles Hicks. Journal of Cherokee Studies, Cherokee, N.C. Vol. XVII, pp. 16-27
5. ↑ Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/17696080/charles-renatus-hicks: accessed 01 September 2022), memorial page for Chief Charles Renatus Hicks (23 Dec 1767–20 Jan 1827), Find A Grave: Memorial #17696080, citing Moravian Mission Cemetery, Spring Place, Murray County, Georgia, USA; Maintained by Evening Blues (contributor 46587085) .

The Inscription:
"The day at Springplace began with all students up and dressed and kneeling in prayer. After breakfast, school was in session until lunch. The students spent the hours until late afternoon helping with various tasks around the mission, with some time allowed for play. There was another session of school before supper followed by songs and prayer in the evening."

Chiefs James Vann and Charles R. Hicks encouraged the Cherokee Council in 1800 to allow a group of Moravian missionaries to open a school for Cherokee children. Chief Vann purchased this site for that purpose. However, except for this cemetery and the limestone spring that supplied its name, there is very little to remind us that the Springplace Moravian Mission once stood here. (The spring is located today just beyond the intersection of Ellijay Street and Lucy Hill School Road.)

In 1801 Vann's daughter Sarah became the first student at the mission, making Springplace the first school in the Cherokee Nation. During its 32-year history, over 100 Cherokee students began their education here. Instruction included religion, reading, writing, science, arithmetic, history, farming, and housekeeping. Eventually, the mission complex grew to include a chapel, missionary residences, a dormitory, a "house for strangers,” farm buildings, several large fields, and an orchard. When a young student named Dawnee fell ill and died while attending Springplace, the missionaries began a "God's Acre” (a common Moravian term for cemeteries) at this spot, which was in the orchard at that time.

One of the first actions that Georgia took in preparation of the removal of the Cherokee was to close all the mission stations. On Christmas Eve in 1832, the Georgia militia demanded that the Moravians close the mission. On January 7, 1833, the Missionaries bid farewell to their beloved Springplace. The Georgia militia turned the mission complex into their headquarters during the Cherokee Removal. By the early 1900's all the structures and gravestones had been removed or destroyed and the majority of the site, including the God's Acre, was developed as farmland. Archaeologists using ground penetrating radar rediscovered the burial sites in 2000 and this two acre tract was donated to the State of Georgia in 2002 by Moses and Merritt Bond in honor of Ida Keith Treadwell and Thelma Treadwell Bond…end

See Also:

• Starr, Emmett. “History of the Cherokee Indians and Their Legends and Folklore.” Warden Company, 1922.
• Wikipedia contributors. "Charles R. Hicks." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 16 Mar. 2023. Web. 4 Apr. 2023.
• Wikipedia contributors. "List of Principal Chiefs of the Cherokee." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 15 Mar. 2023. Web. 3 Apr. 2023. @ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Principal_Chiefs_of_the_Cherokee

Source: https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Hicks-4552
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CHARLES RENATUS HICKS, CHIEF (NA-YE-HI5CONRAD, JENNIE4ANI'-WA'YA, OCONOSTOTA3, MOYTOY2, A-MA-DO-YA1) was born December 23, 1767 in Tamali, on the Hiwassee River, CNE [GA], and died January 20, 1827 in Fortville, CNE [GA].
He married (2) NANCY E BROOM Abt. 1797, daughter of CHIEF BROOM and A-TSO-S-TA. She was born Abt. 1770, and died Aft. 1842.

• Notes on Starr's compilations:

1) Charles' father Nathan was married to a Na-ye-hi not to Nancy Broom.
2) Nancy Elizabeth Broom aka Anna Felicitas was married to Charles Renatus Hicks.
3) In the Halfbreed 1-x & 1-1-x family groups Starr depicts Lydia Halfbreed and Charles Hicks as the parents of George Hicks; however, Starr's un-published notes, pg 146-147, and the entries for the Spring Place Students lead me to believe that the spouse of Lydia Halfbreed should have been listed as Charles' brother William, and George as their son.This configuration is also suported by Miller application #7991 for Jennie Hicks nee Wilson who claims through her grand-parents George and Lucy Hicks, her g-gmother Lydia Chisholm [nee Halfbreed], and her great uncles and aunts; Ruth Beck, Anna French, Eli, William, Carrington, Charles and John Hicks; all known children of William Hicks

• Joined the Church of the United Brethren at Spring Place and was baptised on Apr 10, 1813. At this time the missionaries conferred upon him the name of Renatus (Renewed): Charles Renatus Hicks.
• Cherokee Tragedy, The Ridge Family and the Decimation of a People, by Thurman Wilkins, University of Oklahoma Press, Morman and London:

On his way home from Salem, Major Ridge stopped at Spring Place on January 22, 1827, and found the mission >in mourning.During his absence the Cherokee had lost in quick succession their principal chiefs: the aged >Pathkiller had died first and two weeks later Charles Hicks lay in a walnut coffin at Spring Place. Hicks had >attended the council at New Echota the previous fall though badly ailing.On his way home he was forced to camp >in the woods and had taken cold from the dampness.He had gone to bed with Dropsical complaints and had >never risen again.Major Ridge, on taking a last look at his friend, learned that he had died gently on January 20 >as though he had mearly fallen asleep.The Ridge delivered an impressive exhortation at the funeral.

Upon hearing of the death Charles Hicks, one Cherokee said "The Cherokee will sell their land now; those who >are left have their price."

Cherokee Tragedy, The Ridge Family and the Decimation of a People, by Thurman Wilkins, University of Oklahoma Press, Morman and London:

• 1842 Cherokee Claims, Flint District, IT, claim# 33;

To: Elijah, Betsey, Sarah, Jesse, Leonard, and Nancy, the heirs and widow of Charles R Hicks decd'
Residence in the old Nation, Frkville, Chickamauga Creek (Valuation at Forkville) [list of losses] $8806.50Nancy >Hicks, the widow of Charles R Hicks, deceased, makes oath that the above described premises and >improvements were the property of her late husband, that he resided there until his death which was in the year >1827, and after his death she still resided on the premises peaceably and unmolested until the Spring of 1834. >[illegible]

• 1842 Claims 1: FL1, pg 223, claim 33 dec'd, by widow Nancy Hicks [nee Broom] & heirs...
• 1842 Claims 2: FL1, pg 223, claim 33 dec'd, by heirs; Elijah, Leonard, Jesse, Betsey Fields (wife of Archy Fields), Sarah McCoy
• Blood: 1/2 Cherokee (1/4 per Moravian Biography)
• Burial: January 22, 1827, Spring Place, GA
• Chief: January 1827, Principal Chief, CN-East
• Christened: April 08, 1813, Spring Place, GA
• Note 1: Bet. 1806 - 1807, "Cherokee Patron" of Gideon Blackburn's School
• Note 2: Killaneka's daughter is "Related to" Charles Renatus Hicks and his niece Peggy Scott
• Occupation: Bet. 1817 - 1827, Assistant Principal Chief, under Pathkiller
• Residence: October 1826, Chickamauga District, GA
• Signer: February 27, 1819, Treaty of Washington
• Starr's Notes: C641

Notes for NANCY E BROOM:

• Memorabilia of the Wachovia Congregations for the year 1821;
• "The 14th of October was noteworthy there because in a reverent gathering the Indian Sr. Anna Felicitas Hicks, wife of Br. Charles Renatus Hicks, received holy baptism." [Anna Felicitas is the name given to Nancy Broom at her baptism]
• Extract of a letter from Brother John Gambold, Missionary at Oochgeelogy, among the Cherokees Spring-Place, October 19, 1821;

"Most of my little flock came here with me, last Saturday, to be present at the Baptism of our Brother Charles >Renatus Hick's wife, the first adult of this nation, whom Brother Schmidt has been favored to baptize. The >powerful feeling of the presence of God on this occasion, encourages us to hope, that the Father, the Word and >the Spirit bear record of this act in heaven.According to a wish, my late dear partner had sometimes expressed, >to give her revered mother's name to an Indian Sister, this person was called Anna Felicia.So you see, the Holy >Spirit is still continuing to draw souls to Jesus; the work goes on but slowly indeed, yet it is going on; and, what is >particularly remarkable, the awakinging, we perceive, comprises chiefly mothers of families, on whom, according >to Indian custom, rests the strength of the family, and whose influence on the children is nearly exclusive, as the >father is hardly accounted a relative.The conversion of a mother is therefore of great moment, and, as far a >human instrumentality is concerned, one of the best means for drawing in the children."

• Extract of a letter from Brother John Renatus Schmidt, Missionary at Spring-Place, Cherokee Nation, December 10, 1821;

"You have probably learnt before now, that I was favored, on the 14th of October, to baptize sister Nancy Hicks, >wife of our brother Charles Renatus Hicks, under a lively sense of the gracious presence of our Lord..."

• 1835 Census roll: Chickamauga Creek, GA asNancy Hicks
• Baptism: October 14, 1821, at Spring Place by Brother Schmidt as Anna Felicia
• Blood: Full Blood Cherokee
• Clan: Ani'-Wa'ya = Wolf Clan (Broom)

Children of CHARLES RENATUS HICKS, CHIEF are:
452. i. JOHN7 HICKS, b. Abt. 1782.
453. ii. NATHAN WOLF HICKS, b. 1794; d. Abt. 1838.

Children of CHARLES HICKS and NANCY BROOM are:
454. iii. ELSIE7 HICKS, b. Abt. 1794.

	iv.	 	CHARLES R HICKS, JR, b. Abt. 1795.

455. v. ELIJAH HICKS, b. June 21, 1797, Chickamauga Dist, CNE [GA]; d. August 06, 1856, Claremore, Craig Co, OK.
456. vi. ELIZABETH BETSY HICKS, b. June 20, 1798; d. Aft. 1857.
457. vii. SARAH ELIZABETH HICKS, b. June 11, 1800, Georgia; d. Abt. 1861, Oklahoma.
458. viii. JESSE HICKS, b. May 11, 1802; d. Aft. 1842.
…..…ix. LEONARD LOONEY HICKS, b. December 24, 1803; d. Aft. 1842; m. DA-YE-NI; b. Abt. 1802.

• Cherokee Tragedy, The Ridge Family and the Decimation of a People, by Thurman Wilkins,

University of Oklahoma Press, Morman and London:

...by the last week in May they were ready to travel north with Jeremiah Evarts, Treasurer of the American Board, >who had visited Brainerd in the meantime.Buck Watie prepared to go with the company [Major Ridge] along with >Leonard Hicks, son of the assistant principal chief, and Redbird, a former scholar at Brainerd.

• Clan: Ani'-Wa'ya = Wolf Clan (Broom)
• Detachment: March 01, 1837, 37-b Dr Young/Maj Ridge (by water)
• Education: June 06, 1813, Spring Place Mission School

……..x. EDWARD HICKS, b. October 16, 1805; d. 1831.

• 1817-35 Emg'n Roll: March 19, 1829, pg 22, No 26, 1 in family, Cedar Creek, GA
• Blood: 3/4 Cherokee (per Brainerd Mission student list)
• Clan: Ani'-Wa'ya = Wolf Clan (Broom)
• Education: December 27, 1813, Spring Place Mission School
• Emigration: 1831, Arkansas
• Religion: December 07, 1818, Brainerd Church, Old CN

Source: Hicks, James R. “Cherokee Lineages: Register Report of Amatoya Moytoy” https://www.genealogy.com/ftm/h/i/c/James-R-Hicks-VA/BOOK-0001/0021...
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From the Biography of E. D. Hicks (son)

If you were fortunate enough to be able to see a copy of the Laws of the Cherokee Nation published in 1852 you could find on pages three and four, the first printed law of the Cherokee Tribe, promulgated on Sept. 11, 1808 at Broom’s Town. It has the approval of Enola or Blackfox as Principal Chief and Pathkiller as Second Chief. It bears the signature of Charles Hicks as “Sec’y. to Council.”

Broom’s Town was the home of Chief Broom whose daughter Nancy, a member of the Wolf clan married Nathan Hicks, a white, man. Nathan and Nancy Hicks were the parents of Charles, William and Elizabeth Hicks who married James Vann, Richard Fields, Eliphas Holt and William Campbell. There were possibly other brothers and sisters, but their names are unknown. Charles Hicks was probably born in the decade between 1760 and 1770.

Map of Over the Hills taken by Henry Timberlake in 1762, Tommetley is shown Up River from Fort Louden

It is not known when he was educated as there were no schools among the Cherokees during his boyhood. He joined the Church of the United Brethren at Spring Place and was baptized on April 10, 1813, at which time the missionaries, as was their wont, conferred upon him the middle name of Renatus, or the Renewed; Charles Renatus Hicks.

When the constitutional act of May 6, 1817 was passed at Amoch it was signed by Second Chief Charles Hicks, but he failed as he did in practically every instance to append his official title.1

In October 1817 he was described as follows: “He is a half-breed Cherokee, about fifty years of age. He has very pleasant features and an intelligent countenance. He speaks the English language with utmost facility and with great propriety–I was exceedingly surprised that a Cherokee should be able to obtain so extensive a knowledge of English as he possessed: He reads better than one-half of the white people and writes an easy hand. For thirty years he has been, as occasions required, an interpreter for the United States. As a man of integrity, temperance and intelligence he has long sustained a most reputable character.

He was Treasurer2 of the Cherokee Nation in 1825 as well as Second Chief. His residence was in Chickamauga District on October 12, 18263.

His last known signature was attached to a Council Bill of November 28, 1826 and he probably died shortly after this date and during 1827 his brother William Hicks became Principal Chief, which office he held until October 1828.

Chief Charles R. Hicks was the father of Elijah Hicks who was born June 20, 1796. He was Clerk of Council in 1822 and shortly afterward married Miss Margaret Ross, born July 5, 1803. He was living in Coosawatee District in October 18264. He was President of the National Committee during the year of 1827. He was appointed editor of the Cherokee Phoenix on August 1, 18325 and retained that position until May 31, 1834 The press was confiscated and destroyed after that date.”

Elijah Hicks was a Captain of one of the Emigrant Cherokee detachments. His detachment, according to Chief Ross’ statement embraced eight hundred fifty eight individuals, fifty-four of whom died en-route. They were the second contingent to start, the date of same being September 9, 1833 and arrived in the Western Cherokee Nation in advance of the other trains on January 1. 1839….

Source: Contributors, S. (2023). Biography of E. D. Hicks. Access Genealogy. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://accessgenealogy.com/oklahoma/biographical-sketch-of-e-d-hic...
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(Curator Note: original notes by Pam Wilson)
Note: I have been in touch with a few more Nathan HICKS researchers and also a few in Cherokee Genealogy and History research and they agree that Nancy Broom was married to Nathan's son - Charles. Na'Ye'He (of the Wolf Clan) was Charles' mother and wife of Nathan Hicks, the Scots Trader. Many get Na'Ye'He' and Nancy Broom mixed up now and so did some early researchers. But, the old Clan Mothers and direct HICKS descendents know who is who. Many mistake Na'Ye'He' as Nancy and therefore mistakenly assume that Na'Ye'He' is Nancy Broom.

Charles Renatus Hicks (23 December 1767 - 20 January 1827, age 59) was one of the most important Cherokee leaders in the early 19th century and the first non fullblood to be chosen as Principal Chief of the tribe. Born Dec. 23, 1767 in the town of Tomotly on the Hiwassee River, his parents are believed to be a white trader named Nathan Hicks and Nan-Ye-Hi, a half-blood Cherokee woman. She and her brother Gunrod were children of a Swiss national named Jacob Conrad and a native wife. Gunrod was the father of Cherokees named Hair Conrad, Rattlinggoard, Terrapan Head, Young Wolf, and Quatie.

The principal wife of Charles Hicks was Nancy, daughter of Chief Broom of Broomstown. Hicks served as interpreter to U.S. Agent Return Jonathan Meigs, acted as treasurer for the Cherokee Nation, and fought against the Creek Red Sticks in the 1814 Battle of Horseshoe Bend. Allied with the former warriors James Vann and Major Ridge, Hicks was one of the most influential leaders in the Nation during the period after the Chickamauga wars to just past the first quarter of the 19th century. He was baptized by Moravian missionaries as Charles Renatus ("Born Again") Hicks on April 8, 1813.[1] Extremely well-read and acculturated, his personal library was one of the biggest on the continent, public or private. In an 1826 letter to John Ross, Charles Hicks wrote about events in Cherokee history that occurred during his youth, including his encounters with Oconostota, Attacullaculla, and the early European trader Cornelius Dougherty.

He was elected Second Principal Chief under Pathkiller in 1817, but after the "revolt of the young chiefs" two years later, partly over land deals, Hicks became de facto head of government with Pathkiller serving as a mere figurehead. Upon Pathkiller's death in 1827, Hicks became the first mixed-blood to become Cherokee Principal Chief, but died on January 20, 1827, just two weeks after assuming office. His younger brother William Abraham Hicks served as interim Principal Chief, but John Ross, as President of the National Committee, and Major Ridge, as Speaker of the National Council, were the real power brokers in the Nation. Later in 1828 John Ross was elected as the new Principal Chief and served in this capacity until his death in 1867.

from: Wikipedia

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Charles R. Hicks, longtime Second Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation and briefly Principal Chief himself in 1827 following the death of Pathkiller with John Ross as Second Principal Chief, before his own death just a few shorts weeks later brought that to an end. A protégé of the former warrior and Upper Towns chief James Vann, Hicks was one of the most influential leaders in the Nation during the period after the Chickamauga Wars to just past the first quarter of the 19th century. Extremely well-read and acculturated, his personal library was one of the biggest on the continent, public or private. A member of the Cherokee Triumvirate at the beginning of the 19th century, along with James Vann and Major Ridge. Elected Second Principal Chief under Pathkiller in 1811, a political dispute two years later left Hicks as de facto top chief with Pathkiller serving as a mere figurehead.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_R._Hicks

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The United Brethren's Missionary Intelligencer and Religious Miscellany - Biography of our late brother Charles Renatus Hicks, Second principal chief of the Cherokee nation, who departed this life, January 20th, 1827, at Fortville, in the Cherokee country.

Our late Brother was born, December 23, 1767, at Thamaatly, on the Hiwassee river. His father was a white trader in the nation, and his mother a half Indian. In his youth, in consequence of a cold, an abcess formed in his leg, which induced him to go to South Carolina to be cured, where, under the blessing of God, he was happily restored. In the house of his host he acquired some knowledge of the first rudiments of science, which provided afterwards of essential service to him, when called to public offices in the nation. At that period already, as he often testified, he felt, when reading the bible, good impressions on his heart, which were never obliterated. In process of time he married, and lived very happily with his wife, the surviving widow, our Sister Ann Felicitas. Their union was blessed by God with five sons and three daughters, all of whom, together with nine grandchildren, are yet living. Being an upright man, possessed of a good understanding, and well acquainted with the English language, he was early employed in transacting national concerns. Thirty years ago he served in the capacity of an interpreter in the negotiation carried on between the Cherokees and the United States' government. Many years he filled the office of Secretary in the nation. In the year 1817, he was chosen second principal chief, and conducted the most important affairs of the nation with great fidelity and perserverance, assisted by the first principal chief, Pathkiller, who, thirteen days before him was also removed by death. The first acquaintence of the Brethren with him was formed on a visit, undertaken by the Brethren Abraham Steiner and Frederick Christian von Schweinitz from Salem, North Carolina, to the Cherokee country. Brother Steiner he ever after loved and esteemed as a friend. After the mission in Spring-Place had been commenced in the year 1801, he visited the missionaries from time to time, and proved himself to be their faithful friend. The gospel truths, as they were taught there, chiefly by Brother Gambold and his late wife, whom he always valued as his spiritual parents, and the instruments in the hands of God for his conversion, found entrance into his heart, and in him confirmed the truth that they are the power of God unto salvation, to everyone that believeth. The word of the cross became precious to his soul, and in August, 1812, he made known to Brother Gambold his desire to be baptised. His wish was granted, April the 8th of the following year, when said Brother had the gratification to administer to him this sacred ordinance. September 7, 1814, having previously been confirmed in his baptismal covenant, he partook of the sacrament of the Lord's Supper for the first time. Since his conversion he was deeply concerned for the salvation of his countrymen, and earnestly prayed for them at the throne of grace. The missionary establishments in the nation, were objects of his highest regard, and it was his delight to be of service to them. At the same time he did not forbear, as opportunities offered, to bear his own testimony concerning the atonement, and to direct his brethren to the Savior for the remission of their sins, and his testimony has not been without effect. When he observed that civilization and christianity, that is, genuine faith in Christ Jesus and him crucified, and a consequent change of heart, went hand in hand, and progressed, he was highly delighted, and never was he happier than when he heard of the success of the gospel in the nation. But of this truth he was perfectly convinced, that civilization without true christianity, is of little moment.

He was endowed with a sound and correct judgement, and by means of his public offices, and much reading, he had acquired an usual fund of practical knowledge. The doctrines of Salvation, contained in the word of God, he understood well, and knew how to apply them to his own heart. He discharged the duties of his station as second principal chief with uncommon faithfulness and assiduity, even at the risk of his, at all times, feeble constitution. In all deliberations he investigated the subject thoroughly, was not hasty in his conclusions, and generally gave a correct decision. In important cases his advise was almost universally sought. The services which he has rendered to to his nation, will always be remembered, and long will the Cherokees speak of him as of a great and good man. About eight years ago national affairs caused him to go to Washington, the seat of government of the United States, and his exertions there were crowned with success. But on this journey, through a cold which he took, the abcess on his leg again appeared, and from that time forward he enjoyed few days of health. During the last six years of his life he could visit but twice here in Spring-Place; the first time on the occasion of the funeral of his beloved niece, our late sister Margaret Ann Crutchfield, October 22, 1820, and again, August the 12th of last year, when three persons received holy baptism. We visited him as often as circumstances permitted, in Fortville, and administered to him the holy communion on such occasions, which always refreshed him, and drew from him the most feeling expressions of gratitude.

Last autumn he attended the council in Newtown for the last time. On his way home he was obliged to encamp a night in the woods, when he took fresh cold, after which his strength decreased daily, and his complaint assumed the character of a dropsy. He at length was confined to his bed altogether, and suffered very severe pain. Two days before his death, being visited by our Cherokee Brother Samuel, after he had saluted him, he addressed him as follows: "Brother, I am glad to see you once more; my time, it appears, is
expired and I must depart; I am not afraid to die, for I know that my Redeemer livith, I know whom I have believed, and that he is able to keep that which I have committed unto him against that day. I trust in Jesus' merits and his blood, I am his, and he will receive me, a poor sinner; we must all die, we have all to travel the same road, dust we are, and to dust we must return, this is God's appointment; if we believe in Jesus Christ, the son of God, who came into the world to save sinners, and ask of him the forgiveness of our sins, our souls after death come to him, and we inherit eternal life. The time is approaching when our mortal bodies shall be fashioned like unto his glorious body, &c." After this our late Brother grew weaker, till he gently fell asleep, January 20th, at 2 o'clock in the morning, in the 60th year of his age. According to his particular request his body was brought to Spring-Place on the 22d, and having been set down before the church, Major Ridge delivered an impressive exhortation to those assembled, concluding with the wish, that all present would follow the foot steps of this good man, who is now with God. Brother Smith then spoke a discourse in the church, upon the doctrinal text of the day of our Brother's departure, the 20th, being John xvii. 2, in connexion with Luke x. 42. After the Sermon we accompanied the corpse to our burying ground, where it was interred in the manner usual in the Brethren's church. Our prayer to the Saviour was, that he would grant us grace, to remain in close communion with him, and to live in reliance upon his merits, till our work here below be completed, and he call us from this vail of tears to his heavenly kingdom.

DEATH NOTICE 1827-03-14; Paper: Hallowell Gazette.

Find A Grave Memorial # 17696080.

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The research of James R. Hicks [http://www.genealogy.com/users/h/i/c/James-R-Hicks-VA/BOOK-0001/002...]:

CHARLES RENATUS6 HICKS, CHIEF (NA-YE-HI5 CONRAD, JENNIE4 ANI'-WA'YA, OCONOSTOTA3, MOYTOY2, A-MA-DO-YA1) was born December 23, 1767 in Tamali, on the Hiwassee River, CNE [GA], and died January 20, 1827 in Fortville, CNE [GA]. He married (2) NANCY E BROOM Abt. 1797, daughter of CHIEF BROOM and A-TSO-S-TA. She was born Abt. 1770, and died Aft. 1842.

Notes for CHARLES RENATUS HICKS, CHIEF:

Notes on Starr's compilations:

1) Charles' father Nathan was married to a Na-ye-hi not to Nancy Broom.

2) Nancy Elizabeth Broom aka Anna Felicitas was married to Charles Renatus Hicks.

3) In the Halfbreed 1-x & 1-1-x family groups Starr depicts Lydia Halfbreed and Charles Hicks as the parents of George Hicks; however, Starr's un-published notes, pg 146-147, and the entries for the Spring Place Students lead me to believe that the spouse of Lydia Halfbreed should have been listed as Charles' brother William, and George as their son. This configuration is also suported by Miller application #7991 for Jennie Hicks nee Wilson who claims through her grand-parents George and Lucy Hicks, her g-gmother Lydia Chisholm [nee Halfbreed], and her great uncles and aunts; Ruth Beck, Anna French, Eli, William, Carrington, Charles and John Hicks; all known children of William Hicks.

• ******************************************** Joined the Church of the United Brethren at Spring Place and was baptised on Apr 10, 1813. At this time the missionaries conferred upon him the name of Renatus (Renewed): Charles Renatus Hicks.
  • ******************************************** Cherokee Tragedy, The Ridge Family and the Decimation of a People, by Thurman Wilkins, University of Oklahoma Press, Morman and London:

On his way home from Salem, Major Ridge stopped at Spring Place on January 22, 1827, and found the mission in mourning. During his absence the Cherokee had lost in quick succession their principal chiefs: the aged Pathkiller had died first and two weeks later Charles Hicks lay in a walnut coffin at Spring Place. Hicks had attended the coulcil at New Echota the previous fall though badly ailing. On his way home he was forced to camp in the woods and had taken cold from the dampness. He had gone to bed with Dropsical complaints and had never risen again. Major Ridge, on taking a last look at his friend, learned that he had died gently on January 20 as though he had mearly fallen asleep. The Ridge delivered an impressive exhortation at the funeral.

• ******************************************** Cherokee Tragedy, The Ridge Family and the Decimation of a People, by Thurman Wilkins, University of Oklahoma Press, Morman and London:

Upon hearing of the death Charles Hicks, one Cherokee said "The Cherokee will sell their land now; those who are left have their price."

• ******************************************** 1842 Cherokee Claims, Flint District, IT, claim# 33; To: Elijah, Betsey, Sarah, Jesse, Leonard, and Nancy, the heirs and widow of Charles R Hicks decd' Residence in the old Nation, Frkville, Chickamauga Creek (Valuation at Forkville) [list of losses] $8806.50 Nancy Hicks, the widow of Charles R Hicks, deceased, makes oath that the above described premises and improvements were the property of her late husband, that he resided there until his death which was in the year 1827, and after his death she still resided on the premises peaceably and unmolested until the Spring of 1834. [illegible]

More About CHARLES RENATUS HICKS, CHIEF:

• 1842 Claims 1: FL1, pg 223, claim 33 dec'd, by widow Nancy Hicks [nee Broom] & heirs...
• 1842 Claims 2: FL1, pg 223, claim 33 dec'd, by heirs; Elijah, Leonard, Jesse, Betsey Fields (wife of Archy Fields), Sarah McCoy
• Blood: 1/2 Cherokee (1/4 per Moravian Biography)
• Burial: January 22, 1827, Spring Place, GA
• Chief: January 1827, Principal Chief, CN-East
• Christened: April 08, 1813, Spring Place, GA
• Note 1: Bet. 1806 - 1807, "Cherokee Patron" of Gideon Blackburn's School
• Note 2: Killaneka's daughter is "Related to" Charles Renatus Hicks and his niece Peggy Scott
• Occupation: Bet. 1817 - 1827, Assistant Principal Chief, under Pathkiller
• Residence: October 1826, Chickamauga District, GA
• Signer: February 27, 1819, Treaty of Washington
• Starr's Notes: C641

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From Rootsweb: Becky's Genealogy Family Tree @ https://wc.rootsweb.com/trees/235948/I4116/charleschiefrenatus-hick...

Charles [Chief] Renatus Hicks
Birth: 23 DEC 1767 in Tamali, Cherokee Nation East, GA now TN
Death: 20 JAN 1827 in Fortville, Red Clay Cherokee Nation, Spring Place, GA now TN
Baptism: 10 APR 1813 in At Church of the United Brethren at Spring Place.
Residence:
OCT 1826 in Chickamauga

Parents
Father:
Nathan Hicks: Birth: 06 NOV 1743 in Albermarie Parrish, Sussex, VA. Death: ABT 1829 in Cherokee Nation East, GA.
Mother:
Nancy Na-Ye-Hi Elizabeth Broom: Birth: ABT 1743 in Overhill, Cherokee Nation East, GA.. Death: AFT 1780 in Cherokee Nation East, GA.

Family
Married (1): Sister of James Vann on ABT 1781.

Children:
John Hicks: Birth: ABT 1782 in NC. Death: ABT 18 OCT 1842 in Kellytown, Lydia Cty., SC
Nathan Wolf Hicks: Birth: 1794.

Married (2): Lydia Chow-U-Ka Gahno Halfbreed on ABT 1790.
Lydia Chow-U-Ka Gahno Halfbreed:

• Birth: ABT 1774 in Broomtown, Cherokee Nation East, GA.
• Death: 1849 in Beatties Prairie, Indian Territory, OK

Children:
Nancy Hicks: Birth: ABT 1792. Death: 09 JAN 1866
Catherine Hicks: Birth: ABT 1793 in Chickamauga Dist, Cherolkee Nation E. Georgia.
George Agustus Hicks: Birth: 1793 in Chickamauga Dist, Cherolkee Nation E. Georgia. Death: AFT 1857
Charles R. [] Hicks: Birth: 1795.
Elijah Hicks: Birth: 20 JUN 1796 in Chickamauga District, Cherokee Nation East, GA. Death: 06 AUG 1856 in Claremore, Rogers Cty., Cherokee Indian Territory, Oklahoma

Married (3): Nancy Elizabeth Ann Falicitas Broom on ABT 1797 at Cherokee Nation East, GA now

• Birth: ABT 1770 in Broomtown, GA..
• Death: AFT 1842

Children:
Elizabeth Betsy Hicks: Birth: 20 JUN 1798. Death: AFT 1857
Elsie Hicks: Birth: 1799 in Cherokee Nation East, Chickamauga District, Walker Cty., GA.. Death: 10 JUL 1834 in Barron Forks, Baron, Adair Cty., OK
Sarah Elizabeth Hicks: Birth: 11 JUN 1800 in Red Clay, Cherokee Nation E. TN. Death: 1879 in Oakland California Temple
Jesse Hicks: Birth: 11 MAY 1802 in Red Clay, TN. Death: AFT 1842
Leonard Looney Hicks: Birth: 24 DEC 1803 in Red Clay, TN. Death: AFT 1842
Edward Hicks: Birth: 16 OCT 1805 in Red Clay, TN. Death: 1831

Sources
1. Title: "Cherokee Tragedy: The Ridge Family and the Decimation of a People", by Thurman Wilkins, 1/20/1927 Univ. of Oklahoma Press, Mormon and London
2. Title: Wanda Elliott, jwdre@intellex.com
3. Title: Cherokee Indian Agency in TN Pass Book 1801 -1804 Microcopy No. M-208 Roll no. 13
4. Title: "The Hicks Family Lineage and many family branches" by James Raymond Hicks, Jr
5. Title: George E. Miller, george_miller@hughes.net, Pres. Webber Falls Historical Society, OK
6. Title: http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/h/i/c/James-R-Hicks/BOOK...
Page: Part one
7. Title: http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/h/i/c/James-R-Hicks/BOOK...
Page: Part two
8. Title: http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/h/i/c/James-R-Hicks/BOOK...
Page: Part three
9. Title: Dolores Cobb Phifer, twowolvesdancing@netcarrier.com
10. Title: Emmet Starr, "History of the Cherokee Indians and Their Legends and Folk Lore", Publisher Genealogical Pub. Co Inc, Reprint 2003, Orig. pub. OKC 1921
11. Title: The Trail of Tears by Robert Lindneux
12. Title: Mary Mansour, marymansour@bellsouth.net

Research Notes
a.
Note: H342

• In the Half breed 1-x $ 1-1x family groups Starr depicts Lydia Halfbreed and Charles Hick's as the parents of George Hicks. However, Starr's unpublished notes page 146 -147 and the entries for the Sprint Place Students lead me to believe that the spouse of Lydia Halfbreed also could have been listed as Charles's Brother William, and George as their son.
• This configuration is also supported by Miller application #7991 for Jennie Hicks nee Wilson who claims through her grand parents George and Lucy Hicks, her G-grandmother Lydia Chisholm [nee Halfbreed] and her great uncles and aunt's Ruth Beck, Anna French, Eli, William, Carrington, Charles and John Hicks all known children of William Hicks.
• Joined the Church of the United Brethren at Spring Place CNE, GA, and was baptised on Apr. 10 1813.
• At this time the missionaries conferred upon him the name of Renatus (Renewed) Charles Renatus Hicks. Source: Cherokee Tragedy: The Ridge Family and the Decimation of a people, by Thurman Wilkins, University of Oklahoma Press, Morman and London:
• On his way home from Salem, Major Ridge stopped at Spring Place on January 22, 1827, and found the mission in mourning. During his absence the Cherokee had lost in quick succession their principal chiefs: the aged Pathkiller had died first and two weeks later Charles Hick's lay in a walnut coffin at Spring Place. Hicks had attended the council at New Echota the previous fall though badly ailing. On his way home he was forced to camp in the woods and taken cold from the dampness. He had gone to bed with Dropsical complaints and had never risen again.
• Major Ridge, on taking a last look at his friend, learned that he had died gently on January 20 as though he had mearly fallen asleep. The Ridge delivered an impressive exhortation at the funeral. Source: Cherokee Tragedy: The Ridge Family and the Decimation of a People, by Thurman Wilkins, University of Oklahoma Press, Morman and London:
• Upon hearing of the death of Charles Hicks, one Cherokee said "The Cherokee will sell their land now, those who are left have their price."
• 1842 Cherokee Claims, Flint District IT, Claim #33, To Elijah, Betsey, Sarah, Jesse, Leonard, and Nancy, the heirs and widow of Charles R. Hicks deed' Residence in the old Nation, Frkville, Chickamauga Creek, (Valuation at Forkville) (list of losses) $8806.50 Nancy Hicks, the widow of Charles R. Hicks, deceased, makes oath that the above described premises and improvements were the property of her late husband, that he resided there until his death which was in the year 1827, and after his death she still resided on the premises peaceably and unmolested until the spring of 1834. (illegible)

More about Charles Renatus Hicks:

• Blood 1/2 cherokee
• Buried: January 22, 1827 Spring Place Ga.
• Christened: April 8 1813 Spring Place Ga
• Occupation: Bet 1817 - 1827 Assistant Principal Chief, Under Path Killer
• Occupation: January 1827, Principle Chief
• Residence: October 1826 Chickamauga District, GA
• Signer: February 27, 1819 Treaty of Washington Cherokee Indian Agency in Tennessee:
• Pass Book 1801-1804 Micorcopy No. M-208 Roll no. 13 Page 15 Isaac Hicks having charge of a large flat bottomed Boat laden with Whiskey Bacon & some articles of Dry goods having on board six white men & one Negro have permission to descend the River Tennessee on their way to Natchez . . . and the said Hicks & his party are recommended to the friendly offices of the Indians or others with whom they man meet on their route. . . 7 March 1804