Guillaume de Grandmesnil

- https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaume_de_Grandmesnil

- https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famille_de_Grandmesnil

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORMANDY%20NOBILITY.htm#GuillaumeGr...

2. GUILLAUME [I] de Grantmesnil (-[before 1114]). Orderic Vitalis names “Rodbertum, Guillelmum, Hugonem, Ivonem, Albericum” as the sons of “Hugo de Grentemaisnilio” and his wife “Adelidem filiam Ivonis comitis de Bellomonte”[368]... ..

William de Grandmesnil went to Apulia where he married Mabel, a daughter of Robert Guiscard. The genealogical bones, as given by Keats-Rohan, are: Robert of Grandmesnil (d.1040) = Hawise, daughter of Giroie, lord of Echauffour and Montreuil-l'Argillé, and sister of William fitz Giroie (she married secondly William, son of Archbishop Robert of Rouen)

Their sons: Hugh of Grandmesnil (d. 22 February 1098)= Adeliza (d. 11 July 1091), daughter of Ivo, count of Beaumont-sur-Oise Robert, abbot of St-Evroul Arnald

Children of Hugh and Adeliza: Robert (d.c. 1136) William Hugh Ivo Aubrey Adelina = Robert d'Ivry Rohais = Robert de Courcy Matilda = Hugh de Montpinçon Agnes = William de Sai Hawise
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I'd guess that the lands came to the de Boscos through the ("Beaumont") earls of Leicester, who acquired the Grandmesnil lands in England when Robert, Earl of Leicester (d.1190), married Pernel, Hugh de Grandmesnil's great granddaughter. Pernel was the daughter of a William de Grandmesnil, who was probably the son of Hugh's eldest son Robert (see <a href="http://www.medievalgenealogy.org.uk/cp/vol7.shtml#leicester">Medieval Genealogy</a>).

The de Boscos were connected with the earls of Leicester. One Arnold de Bosco (or de Bois) was a steward of Robert, Earl of Leicester (d.1168), and was granted lands in Biddlesden by him in the 1140s [Victoria County History Bucks vol.1, p.365, vol.4, p.155]. Chris Phillips

• Reference: WikiTree Genealogy - SmartCopy: Jan 4 2016, 9:13:14 UTC

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Guillaume de Grandmesnil (born around 1055/1060, died between 1100 and 1114) was a Norman baron of Calabria, a member of the Grandmesnil family and related to the House of Hauteville.

Biography

William Grandmesnil was the second son of Hugh, lord of Grandmesnil († 1098), one of the companions of William the Conqueror at the Battle of Hastings (1066), and Adelise († 1091) , daughter of Count Yves de Beaumont. He is also the nephew of Robert († 1089), abbot of Saint-Évroult and Santa Maria di Sant 'Eufemia in Calabria, whose half-sister Judith of Evreux († 1076) married in 1062, Roger de Hauteville, Norman conqueror of Muslim Sicily (1061-1091).

According to Orderic Vitalis, William was highly regarded at the court of the king of England had such an attachment to him that he gave him to wife his niece Agnes, daughter of Count Robert de Mortain. But William refused. Driven by the inconstancy and influence of his father, who had acquired many properties in Italy , William decided to go to Apulia, where he arrived around 1080 with some other Normans. In 1081, he participated in the expedition led by Norman Robert Guiscard, Duke of Apulia, Calabria and Sicily, against Dyrrachium (now in Albania), then a Byzantine possession. He participated in the second expedition by Guiscard against the Byzantine Empire (1084-1085) and in July 1085, on the island of Kefalonia, according to Orderic Vitalis, Robert Guiscard, dying, called William with others, to his bedside to maintain his succession. Established in Calabria, he was married at an unknown date Mabille (aka Isabella), a daughter of Robert Guiscard and the Lombard princess Sikelgaite of Salerno, and received at the same time large areas in the Val de Crati in Coscile and Crotone, with fifteen castles.

In 1090 , William Grandmesnil rebelled against the son and successor of Robert Guiscard, Roger Borsa, Duke of Apulia, supporting his brother in law, Prince Bohemond. In 1093, Roger Borsa fell so seriously ill in Melfi that the news of his death spread in many areas. A number of his vassals, including his half brother Bohemond and William Grandmesnil proceeded to revolt. William, seeking to expand his holdings, took Calabria. After the restoration of Roger Borsa and Roger subduing his rebellious vassals, and his half-brother Bohemond, William Grandmesnil at first refused to submit before being compelled by force by the troops of the Duke, assisted by Bohemond and his uncle Roger, Count of Sicily, who arrived at the head of Muslim troops. He lost all his fortresses, and was forced to take refuge with his wife in Byzantium (1094).

In the fall of 1096, he was again in southern Italy, when he sees from Normandy (1102 † 1101 /) brothers Yves and Aubry († AD. 1097) in the ranks of the crusaders led by the Norman Duke Robert Courthose. He decided to accompany them to the Holy Land in the host of Prince Bohemond of Taranto. But June 10, 1098, William and his brother Aubry, frightened by the ardor of the fighting against the Muslims at the siege of Antioch, managed to flee Antioch, besieged by Muslim troops. Returning to the south of Italy (before the capture of Jerusalem by the Crusaders 15 July 1099), William and his brother are excommunicated by Pope Paschal II in January. If the Italo-Norman diplomatic sources have left us traces of his presence in Calabria, we lose track of him after 1100. It seems he and his brother did return to England, as they are castigated at court and sent away by the king for fighting with other courtiers.

From his union with Mabille, daughter of Robert Guiscard, Guillaume Grandmesnil at least two sons:

Guillaume († 1117 or shortly thereafter), who succeeded his father (in 1114 at the latest) but did not survive long. It is still attested in 1117 in a donation to Trinity La Cava that he had married a certain Agatha, the first wife of his father, but it is doubtful.

Robert († AD. 1129), who rebelled in 1120 against Roger II of Sicily with other Calabrian barons. In 1129, he left his army in and gave Roger his fiefs and left the south of Italy to join his family "beyond the Alps" (probably Normandy).
Source: [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaume_de_Grandmesnil]

Personnages des Croisades: Premième Croisade (1096-1099)

[http://www.templiers.net/personnages-croisades/index.php?page=perso...]

Guillaume de Grandmesnil (1055-1060 - mort entre 1100 et 1114) est un baron normand de Calabre, membre de la famille Grandmesnil et lié à la Maison de Hauteville.

Guillaume: De Grandmesnil, époux de Mabille, fille de Robert Guiscard.

Natif du duché de Normandie, Guillaume de Grandmesnil est le second fils de Hugues, seigneur de Grandmesnil (mort 1098), l'un des compagnons de Guillaume le Conquérant à la bataille de Hastings (1066), et d'Adelise (mort 1091), fille du comte Yves de Beaumont. Il est également le neveu de Robert (mort 1089), abbé de Saint-Evroult puis de Santa Maria di Sant Eufemia en Calabre, dont la demi-soeur Judith d'Evreux (morte 1076) épousera en 1062, Roger de Hauteville, conquérant normand de la Sicile musulmane (1061-1091).

Guillaume de Grandmesnil

A la suite de la prise d'Antioche, pendant que les troupes de Ketboga investissaient la ville, un certain nombre de croisés, parmi lesquels se trouvaient Guillaume de Grandmesnil et Etienne de Blois, comte de Chartres, désespérant du salut de l'armée, s'enfuirent furtivement au port Saint-Siméon et, malgré les protestations de Guillaume de Vieux-Pont, seigneur de Courville, qui refusa de les suivre, ils gagnèrent par mer la côte d'Asie-Mineure, où ils rencontrèrent l'empereur Alexis et de nombreux croisés latins venant rejoindre l'armée franque.

Sources: E. REY - Revue de l'Orient Latin

Guillaume de Grandmesnil
De nombreux rapports annoncèrent bientôt à Antioche la retraite de l'Empereur. Cette nouvelle mit le comble aux maux de tout genre sous lesquels notre armée avait à gémir, et la précipita dans l'abîme du désespoir. Tous condamnèrent à jamais et eurent en horreur la mémoire du comte de Chartres: on chargea d'exécrations Guillaume de Grandmesnil et tous ceux qui avaient participé aux mêmes actes d'impiété; on invoqua contre eux la malédiction des feux éternels qui dévorent le traître Judas, puisque, non contents de se soustraire aux travaux et aux périls communs, ils avaient encore, par leurs artifices, privé le peuple de Dieu des secours que le Seigneur même semblait lui avoir préparés.

Sources: Guillaume de Tyr - Histoire des faits et gestes dans les régions d'outre-mer depuis le temps des successeurs de Mahomet jusqu'a l'an 1184.

Guillaume de Tyr - Chapitre X

Cependant Guillaume de Grandmesnil et ceux qui s'étaient enfuis avec lui arrivèrent à Alexandrette. Ils y trouvèrent Etienne, comte de Chartres et de Blois, dont l'armée et les princes attendaient le retour à chaque instant avec la plus vive impatience, et qui feignait toujours d'être malade. Ils lui racontèrent, tout ce qui se passait à Antioche; et, pour ne pas paraître eux-mêmes avoir abandonné leurs alliés sans motifs ou sur des prétextes frivoles, et comme des hommes timides, ils exagérèrent encore le tableau des malheurs publics. La situation de l'armée était terrible et n'avait nul terme de comparaison; ils trouvèrent moyen, dans leur relation étudiée, de la charger de plus sombres couleurs et de la représenter encore plus effrayante. Il ne leur fut pas difficile au surplus de faire croire au comte étienne tout ce qui pouvait augmenter ses craintes, puisque lui-même avait déjà déserté le camp et abandonné ses collègues, sous prétexte de maladie, mais dans le fait pour céder au même sentiment de frayeur. Après avoir tenu conseil à ce sujet, les transfuges se minent en mer sur les vaisseaux qui depuis longtemps étaient prêts à les recevoir; ils naviguèrent quelques jours et arrivèrent dans une ville maritime: là, ayant cherché à savoir en quel lieu se trouvait l'empereur en ce moment, ils reçurent d'abord des rapports différents les uns des autres; mais enfin ils apprirent d'une manière certaine que l'empereur, conduisant d'innombrables légions de Grecs et de Latins, avait dressé son camp près de la ville de Finimine et qu'il marchait vers Antioche, comme pour porter secours à nos armées, ainsi qu'il s' y était engagé par les traités. Sans compter les troupes qu'il avait levées chez toutes les nations, il avait encore avec lui environ quarante mille Latins. Ceux-ci étaient d'abord demeurés en arrière des autres légions et sur le territoire de l'empereur, soit que la pauvreté, les maladies, ou toute autre cause grave les eussent retenus; mais enfin, ayant repris leurs forces, animés par l'espoir que l'empereur serait au milieu d'eux, et se confiant aux troupes innombrables dont ils suivaient la marche, ils s'étaient remis en route avec le plus grand zèle, et se hâtaient de rejoindre ceux qui les avaient devancés. Le comte étienne, ayant appris ainsi le lieu de la résidence de l'empereur et sachant qu'il n'attendait que l'arrivée de nouvelles forces pour se porter en avant, prit avec lui tous ceux qui l'avaient accompagné, suivit des chemins raccourcis et dirigea sa marche en toute hâte vers l'armée impériale. Il fut accueilli assez bien par l'empereur, qui cependant lui témoigna son étonnement de le voir. L'empereur avait fait sa connaissance à Constantinople lorsqu'il y avait passé avec tous ses collègues, et s'était lié d'amitié avec lui; il s'informa avec empressement de la santé des princes et de l'état de l'armée, et demanda ensuite au comte par quels motifs il s'était séparé de l'expédition. étienne lui répondit en ces termes:

Guillaume de Tyr - Chapitre XI
« Empereur invincible, vos fidèles à qui votre Grandeur avait naguère accordé un passage dans ses états, et que vos largesses avaient enrichis, après avoir pris Nicée, se rendirent assez heureusement à Antioche, assiégèrent cette ville avec opiniâtreté pendant neuf mois entiers, protégés par la miséricorde divine, et s'en emparèrent enfin de vive force, à l'exception de la citadelle de la place, qui est située sur une montagne d'où elle domine toute la ville, et que sa position rend absolument inexpugnable. Ils crurent alors que tout était consommé et qu'ils avaient enfin échappé à tous les dangers; mais cette erreur fut la pire de toutes, et bientôt ils se trouvèrent en proie à des périls beaucoup plus grands. A peine le troisième jour était-il passé depuis l'occupation de la ville, que Corbogath, très puissant prince des Perses, arriva avec ses Orientaux dont le nombre ne saurait être compté, et vint investir la place de toutes parts. Il intercepte toutes les communications, s'oppose à l'entrée et à la sortie de la ville; les princes et le peuple entier sont affligés de tant de maux qu'il n'est plus possible de rien espérer pour leur salut. L'affluence des assiégeants est telle qu'il ne serait pas facile de les compter: pour tout dire, en un mot, leurs bataillons ont occupé les contrées environnantes comme des armées de sauterelles, et l'on dirait qu'il n'y a pas même assez de place pour déployer toutes les tentes. Cependant le froid, la famine, la chaleur, les combats, les massacres, ont tellement réduit la force de notre peuple qu'il a pu se renfermer tout entier dans la ville, et qu'il est presque hors d'état de pourvoir au soin de sa défense. Vous saurez aussi que les secours qui arrivaient par mer aux Chrétiens tant de votre Empire que des îles et des villes maritimes, leur ont été entièrement enlevés. Les Turcs ont envoyé un corps de troupes qui a occupé le pays situé entre Antioche et la mer: ils ont presque entièrement détruit la flotte; les matelots et les facteurs ont succombé sous leurs glaives, en sorte que les nôtres ont perdu par là tout moyen de commerce et tout espoir de recevoir des vivres et des secours. On dit que ce qui reste de subsistances dans la ville ne peut suffire à la nourriture de nos troupes pour un jour entier. Parvenus ainsi au comble de la misère, les Chrétiens ne trouvent pas même dans la ville un refuge assuré. Les Turcs montent souvent en secret vers la citadelle supérieure, et de là ils s'élancent jusqu'au milieu de la ville et livrent de fréquentes attaques dans les rues et sur les places publiques; de telle sorte que nos soldats n'ont pas moins à souffrir de ces combats intérieurs que des assauts qui leur viennent du dehors. Aussi les capitaines et les hommes nobles qui sont ici présents, et nous-mêmes, voyant que l'entreprise de nos alliés ne pouvait réussir, nous les avons invités à plusieurs reprises, et avec des sentiments fraternels, à pourvoir à leur sûreté, à renoncer à la poursuite d'un dessein qu'il est impossible d'accomplir et contre lequel la Providence s'est prononcée; mais, n'ayant pu les y déterminer, nous avons enfin pris soin de notre salut, pour ne pas nous trouver par notre imprudence enveloppés dans de semblables calamités. Et maintenant, si vous le jugez convenable, et si les illustres qui vous entourent sont du même avis, cessez de poursuivre de pareils projets, afin que les heureuses légions qui suivent vos pas échappent du moins aux mêmes périls. Il vaut mieux eh effet se retirer avec ses forces intactes devant cette multitude innombrable que l'Orient a rassemblée, sans tenter une entreprise impossible, que d'aller témérairement se livrer à de si grands hasards. Les hommes illustres qui sont en votre présence et qui ont eu part au même sort, vous attesteront la vérité de nos paroles; et Tanin, cet homme prudent et habile, que votre Grandeur avait envoyé à notre suite, aura pu vous rendre compte aussi des mêmes choses, puisque, connaissant les malheurs de nos armées, il s'est prudemment soustrait à tant de calamités, sans doute pour venir en informer Votre « Majesté Impériale ». Il y avait alors dans l'armée de l'empereur un nommé Gui, frère du seigneur Boémond, qui devint presque fou en entendant le récit du comte de Blois, et déplora amèrement les infortunes de son frère et de ses amis. D'abord il voulut contredire les rapports du comte, et lui reprocha d'avoir cédé à un sentiment de crainte, en abandonnant imprudemment une réunion de princes si illustres; mais Guillaume de Grandmesnil, qui avait épousé la sœur de Boémond, homme illustre selon la chair, et non selon les oeuvres, parvint enfin à le calmer.

Sources: Guillaume de Tyr - Histoire des faits et gestes dans les régions d'outre-mer depuis le temps des successeurs de Mahomet jusqu'a l'an 1184.

Translation

Guillaume de Grandmesnil (1055-1060 - died between 1100 and 1114) was a Norman baron from Calabria, a member of the Grandmesnil family and linked to the House of Hauteville.

Guillaume: De Grandmesnil, husband of Mabille, daughter of Robert Guiscard.

Native of the duchy of Normandy, Guillaume de Grandmesnil is the second son of Hugues, lord of Grandmesnil (died 1098), one of the companions of William the Conqueror at the battle of Hastings (1066), and of Adelise (died 1091) , daughter of Count Yves de Beaumont. He is also the nephew of Robert (died 1089), abbot of Saint-Evroult then of Santa Maria di Sant Eufemia in Calabria, whose half-sister Judith d'Evreux (died 1076) married in 1062, Roger de Hauteville, Norman conqueror of Muslim Sicily (1061-1091).

Guillaume de Grandmesnil

Following the capture of Antioch, while the troops of Ketboga invested the city, a certain number of crusaders, among whom were Guillaume de Grandmesnil and Etienne de Blois, count of Chartres, despairing of the salvation of the army, fled furtively to the Port Saint-Siméon and, despite the protests of Guillaume de Vieux-Pont, Lord of Courville, who refused to follow them, they reached the coast of Asia Minor by sea, where they met the Emperor Alexis and many Latin Crusaders coming to join the Frankish army.
Sources: E. REY - Revue de l'Orient Latin

Guillaume de Grandmesnil

Many reports soon announced in Antioch the Emperor's retirement. This news put the climax to the evils of every kind under which our army had to groan, and precipitated it into the abyss of despair. All condemned forever and had in horror the memory of the count of Chartres: one charged with execrations Guillaume de Grandmesnil and all those who had taken part in the same acts of impiety; they invoked against them the curse of the eternal fires which devour the traitor Judas, since, not content with escaping common labors and perils, they had still, by their artifices, deprived the people of God of the help which the Lord himself seemed to him. have prepared.
Sources: William of Tire - History of facts and gestures in the overseas regions from the time of the successors of Muhammad until the year 1184.

William of Tire - Chapter X

However, Guillaume de Grandmesnil and those who had fled with him arrived at Alexandretta. They found there Etienne, Count of Chartres and Blois, whose return the army and the princes awaited every moment with the liveliest impatience, and who always pretended to be ill. They told him all that was happening in Antioch; and, in order not to appear themselves to have abandoned their allies without cause or on frivolous pretexts, and like timid men, they still exaggerated the picture of public misfortunes. The situation of the army was terrible and had no term of comparison; they found means, in their studied relation, to charge it with darker colors and to represent it still more frightening. It was not difficult for them, moreover, to make Count Etienne believe anything that could increase his fears, since he himself had already deserted the camp and abandoned his colleagues, under the pretext of illness, but in fact to give in to the same feeling. of fright. After having taken advice on this subject, the defectors mingle at sea on the vessels which for a long time had been ready to receive them; they sailed for a few days and arrived at a maritime town: there, having sought to find out where the emperor was at that moment, they at first received reports different from each other; but at last they learned for certain that the emperor, leading innumerable legions of Greeks and Latins, had pitched his camp near the town of Finimine, and that he was marching towards Antioch, as if to bring relief to our armies. , as it was committed to by the treaties. Without counting the troops he had raised from all the nations, he still had about forty thousand Latins with him. These had at first remained behind the other legions and on the territory of the emperor, whether poverty, disease, or any other serious cause had held them back; but at last, having recovered their strength, animated by the hope that the Emperor would be in their midst, and confiding in the innumerable troops whose march they were following, they resumed their journey with the greatest zeal, and hurried to rejoin those who had preceded them. Count Stephen, having thus learned of the Emperor's place of residence, and knowing that he was only awaiting the arrival of new forces to advance, took with him all those who had accompanied him, followed by shortened paths and directed his march with all haste towards the imperial army. He was received tolerably well by the Emperor, who, however, expressed his astonishment at seeing him. The Emperor had made his acquaintance at Constantinople when he had passed there with all his colleagues, and had become friends with him; he eagerly inquired about the health of the princes and the state of the army, and then asked the count by what motives he had separated from the expedition. Étienne answered him in these terms:

William of Tire - Chapter XI

"Invincible Emperor, your faithful to whom your Majesty had once granted passage through his states, and whom your generosity had enriched, after having taken Nicaea, went fortunately enough to Antioch, besieged this city with obstinacy for nine whole months, protected by divine mercy, and finally seized it by main force, with the exception of the citadel of the place, which is situated on a mountain from which it dominates the whole city, and which its position renders absolutely impregnable. They believed then that all was consummated and that they had finally escaped all the dangers; but this mistake was the worst of all, and soon they found themselves a prey to far greater perils. Scarcely had the third day passed since the occupation of the city, when Corbogath, a very powerful prince of the Persians, arrived with his Orientals, whose number could not be counted, and came to invest the place from all sides. He intercepts all communications, opposes entering and leaving the city; the princes and the whole people are afflicted with so many evils that it is no longer possible to hope for their salvation. The affluence of the besiegers is such that it would not be easy to count them. not even enough room to deploy all the tents. However, the cold, the famine, the heat, the fighting, the massacres, have so reduced the strength of our people that they have been able to shut themselves up entirely in the city, and are almost unable to provide for care of his defence. You will also know that the help which arrived by sea to the Christians both from your Empire and from the islands and the maritime cities, has been entirely taken away from them. The Turks sent a body of troops which occupied the country between Antioch and the sea: they almost completely destroyed the fleet; the sailors and postmen have succumbed under their swords, so that our people have thereby lost all means of commerce and all hope of receiving food and relief. It is said that what remains of provisions in the city cannot suffice to feed our troops for a whole day. Arrived thus at the height of misery, the Christians do not even find in the city an assured refuge. The Turks often mount in secret towards the upper citadel, and thence they rush to the middle of the city and deliver frequent attacks in the streets and public squares; so that our soldiers have no less to suffer from these interior combats than from the assaults which come to them from without. Also the captains and the noble men who are present here, and ourselves, seeing that the enterprise of our allies could not succeed, we invited them on several occasions, and with fraternal feelings, to provide for their safety, to to renounce the pursuit of a design which it is impossible to accomplish and against which Providence has decided; but, having been unable to determine them, we finally took care of our salvation, so as not to find ourselves by our imprudence enveloped in similar calamities. And now, if you deem it appropriate, and if the illustrious people around you are of the same opinion, stop pursuing such projects, so that the happy legions who follow your steps at least escape the same perils. It is indeed better to withdraw with one's forces intact before this innumerable multitude which the East has assembled, without attempting an impossible enterprise, than to go recklessly to give oneself up to such great risks. The illustrious men who are in your presence and who have shared in the same fate, will attest to the truth of our words; and Tanin, that prudent and skilful man, whom your Majesty had sent in our wake, will also have been able to report to you on the same things, since, knowing the misfortunes of our armies, he prudently escaped so many calamities, no doubt to come and inform Your "Imperial Majesty". There was then in the Emperor's army a man named Gui, brother of Lord Boémond, who went almost mad on hearing the account of the Count of Blois, and bitterly deplored the misfortunes of his brother and his friends. At first he wished to contradict the count's reports, and reproached him with having yielded to a feeling of fear, by imprudently abandoning a gathering of so illustrious princes; but Guillaume de Grandmesnil, who had married Boémond's sister, an illustrious man according to the flesh, and not according to works, finally managed to calm him down.

Sources: William of Tire - History of facts and gestures in the overseas regions from the time of the successors of Muhammad until the year 1184.