

ROBERT de France, son of ROBERT II "le Pieux" King of France & his third wife Constance d'Arles ([1011/12]-church of Fleury-sur-Ouche, Côte d’Or 8 or 18 Mar 1076, bur Abbaye de Saint-Seine, Côte d’Or). The Historia Francorum names (in order) "Hugonem qui cognominatus est Magnus, Henricum, Robertum, Odonem" as the four sons of King Robert and his wife Constance[144]. Rodulfus Glauber names "Heinricus rex…germanium suum Rotbertum" when recording the latter's installation as duke of Burgundy by his brother[145]. His mother supported him as candidate to be consecrated associate king in 1027, in place of his older brother Henri who was supported by their father. His father named him heir to the duchy of Burgundy in 1030. He was installed as ROBERT I Duke of Burgundy in 1032 by his brother King Henri I. Comte d'Auxerre in 1040, when he conquered the county after Hugues Bishop of Auxerre died in 1039. He lost it after the 1060 council of Autun which ended his war with Nevers[146]. “Robertus Burgundie dux” renounced rights “in villa...Gilliacus...” in favour of Saint-Germain-des-Prés by charter dated 22 Sep 1040, subscribed by “...Elie conjugis eius...”[147]. “Robertus dux Burgundiorum cum uxore mea Helia” donated “terram...Villare Bichet...in pago Belnensi” to Saint-Germain-des-Prés, with the consent of “filiorum nostrorum Hugonis et Henrici”, by charter dated to [1043/44][148]. “Robertus dux et duo filii mei Hugo et Henricus” renounced rights to revenue from land “in Gilliaco” in favour of Saint-Germain-des-Prés by charter dated 2 Feb 1053[149]. The necrology of Cîteaux records the death "VIII Id Mar" of "Robertus…dux Burgundie"[150]. The necrology of Molesme records the death "XV Kal Apr" of "Robertus dux Burgundie et Ermengardis uxor eius"[151]. There is some mystery surrounding his death: a narrative by Pierre de Saint-Julien deacon of Chalon records that “Robertus dux” died “nuper dedecorose” in the church of Fleury-sur-Ouche, without providing further details[152]. married firstly ([1033], repudiated [1048/50]%29 HELIE de Semur, daughter of DALMAS [I] Seigneur de Semur-en-Brionnais & his wife Aramburge ([1016]-Semur-en-Brionnais, Saône-et-Loire 22 Apr after 1055). "Robertus dux Burgundionum" confirmed the possessions of Cluny by charter dated [1040] subscribed by "Ilie uxoris eius"[153]. The date of the marriage is deduced from the charter, dated to [1034], which is subscribed by "Roberti ducis et uxoris sue", under which "Gibuinus" confirmed a donation to Saint-Etienne de Dijon[154]. “Robertus Burgundie dux” renounced rights “in villa...Gilliacus...” in favour of Saint-Germain-des-Prés by charter dated 22 Sep 1040, subscribed by “...Elie conjugis eius...”[155]. "Robertus…dux et rector inferioris Burgundiæ" donated property to Saint-Bénigne-de-Dijon by charter dated 1 Mar 1043 which names "Helie uxoris mee…"[156]. “Robertus dux Burgundiorum cum uxore mea Helia” donated “terram...Villare Bichet...in pago Belnensi” to Saint-Germain-des-Prés, with the consent of “filiorum nostrorum Hugonis et Henrici”, by charter dated to [1043/44][157]. Her parentage is confirmed by the Vita S Hugonis, which records that "Dux Burgundie, gener eius" killed the father of St Hugues (abbot of Cluny) by his own hand[158]. The "Notes historiques sur le prieuré de Marcigny", included in the cartulary of Marcigny-sur-Loire, name (in order) "sancti Hugonis abbatis Cluniacensis et Gaufredi Sinemurensis, Andræ levitæ, Joceranni et Dalmatii, et sororum eorundem…Materdis, Adalaidæ et Cecilæ atque Evellæ" as children of "Dalmatius", but do not make the link with Duke Robert[159]. "Robertus dux et uxor sua Hylia" donated money to the church of Saint-Etienne de Dijon by undated charter[160]. She was repudiated, presumably on grounds of consanguinity, before [1050] when Jean Abbot of Fécamp wrote to Pope Leo IX recording that "Tedbaldo comite et Burgundionum…duce R" had "abdicatis legitimi thori connumbiis" and had "in inhonestis et consanguinitate fœdatis thalamis"[161]. She became a nun as PETRONILLE after her repudiation[162]. The necrology of Auxerre cathedral records the death 22 Apr of "Helya uxor Rotberti ducis"[163]. married secondly ([1049]) as her second husband, ERMENGARDE d'Anjou, widow of GEOFFROY II "Ferréol" Seigneur de Château-Landon, Comte de Gâtinais, daughter of FOULQUES III "Nerra/the Black" Comte d’Anjou & his second wife Hildegarde de Metz ([1015/20]-[church of Fleury-sur-Ouche, Côte d’Or 18 Mar 1076]). The Historiæ Andegavensis names "Goffridi de Castro Landono et Ermengardis filia Fulconis Comitis Andegavensis" as parents of "Fulco comes Andegavensis"[164]. Considering that she gave birth to at least one child by her second marriage, it is unlikely that Ermengarde was born earlier than [1015]. She must therefore have been considerably younger than her brother. Her first marriage is dated very approximately to [1035]. Her second marriage is deduced from a genealogy of the Comtes d'Anjou which names "Fulco (pater) Gosfridus et Ermengardis (mater) Gosfridus (et) Fulco (et) Hildegardis, de altero patre, filia Roberti ducis fratris Henrici regis"[165]. Her second marriage is dated from the letter written before [1050] by Jean Abbot of Fécamp to Pope Leo IX recording that "Tedbaldo comite et Burgundionum…duce R" had "abdicatis legitimi thori connumbiis" and had "in inhonestis et consanguinitate fœdatis thalamis"[166]. The necrology of Molesme records the death "XV Kal Apr" of "Robertus dux Burgundie et Ermengardis uxor eius"[167]. This suggests that Ermengarde died on the same day as her husband, possibly at the same place and in the same circumstances, although it is not infrequent for medieval necrologies to record couples on the same day maybe in commemoration of a joint donation to the religious institution in question. No other source which elucidates the circumstances of Ermengarde’s death has been identified.
Duke Robert I & his first wife HELIE de Semur had three children:
Henri de Bourgogne & his wife had seven children:
- a) HUGUES de Bourgogne ([1056/57]-Cluny, Saône-et-Loire 29 Aug 1093, bur Abbaye de Cluny, Chapelle de Sainte-Marie). He is named as son of Henri by Orderic Vitalis[181]. His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated [21 Mar 1076/24 Jan 1077] which names "Hugo…post decessum Rotberti ducis" and which specifies that Robert was "patris Heinrici genitoris nostri"[182]. He succeeded his grandfather in 1076 as HUGUES I Duke of Burgundy, although the former intended Hugues's uncle Robert de Bourgogne as his successor. Orderic Vitalis records that Hugues succeeded in expelling Robert, along with his younger brother Simon, from Burgundy[183]. "Hugo Burgundionum dux" made a donation to Cluny dated 19 Feb 1078, subscribed by "Oddonis fratris eius, Rotberti alterius fratris eius"[184]. Duke Hugues left for Spain in [1078/79] to fight the Moors, helping Sancho I King of Aragon to take the kingdom of Navarre. Orderic Vitalis records that he abdicated as duke in favour of his younger brother Eudes, and became a monk at Cluny[185], dated to [Oct/Nov] 1079.
- b) EUDES de Bourgogne ([1060]-Tarsus, Cilicia 23 Mar 1103, bur Abbaye de Cîteaux, Côte-d'Or, Chapelle Saint-Georges). He is named as son of Henri by Orderic Vitalis[186]. He succeeded in 1079 on the abdication of his brother as EUDES I "Borel" Duke of Burgundy.
- c) ROBERT de Bourgogne (-Châtillon-sur-Seine, Côte d'Or 18 Sep 1111, bur Abbaye de Molesmes, near Langres). He is named as son of Henri by Orderic Vitalis[187]. "Hugo Burgundionum dux" made a donation to Cluny dated 19 Feb 1078, subscribed by "Oddonis fratris eius, Rotberti alterius fratris eius"[188]. Clerk at Langres 1077, archdeacon 1080. Bishop of Langres 1085, after the death of Renaud de Bar. "Odo dux Burgundie" confirmed a donation by "frater meus domnus Hugo" to the abbey of Molesme with the consent of "fratres mei Robertus archidiaconus, Henricus puer, Beatrix et Helia sorores mee" by charter dated to [1081/84][189]. "Odo dux Burgundie" donated the village of Marcenay to the abbey of Molesme with the consent of "omnes eius fratres et sorores Robertus, Henricus, Beatrix, Helia" by charter dated to [1080/83][190]. Robert took part in the war in Spain against the Moors, with his two brothers Eudes and Henri, in 1087. He became a Benedictine monk at Molesmes, being a friend of St Bruno who founded the Order of Chartreux[191]. The cartulary of Saint-Bénigne-de-Dijon includes a funerary elogy of the life of "Roberti Lingonensis episcopi…regum Franciæ ac ducum Burgundiæ stirpe genitus" dated 19 Oct 1111[192].
- d) BEATRIX de Bourgogne (-after [1111/12]). "Odo dux Burgundie" confirmed a donation by "frater meus domnus Hugo" to the abbey of Molesme with the consent of "fratres mei Robertus archidiaconus, Henricus puer, Beatrix et Helia sorores mee" by charter dated to [1081/84][193]. "Odo dux Burgundie" donated the village of Marcenay to the abbey of Molesme with the consent of "omnes eius fratres et sorores Robertus, Henricus, Beatrix, Helia" by charter dated to [1080/83][194]. "Beatrix soror Rotberti Lingonensis episcopi" donated property to the abbey of Molesme by charter dated to [1085/1106][195]. "…Widone filio predicti Widonis et uxore eius Beatrice et filiis eorum Roberto et Widone" consented to the donation by "Oddo et Albertus fratres" to the abbey of Saint-Etienne de Vignory by charter dated to [1081/1112][196]. "Domina Beatrix uxor domini Widonis de Wannulriaco" donated property to Molesme by charter dated [1111/12] which names "fratris sui Roberti Linguonensis episcopi"[197]. married (after 1082) GUY [III] Seigneur de Vignory, son of GUY [II] Seigneur de Vignory & his wife Hildegarde (-before 1126).
- e) HELIE de Bourgogne (-after [1081/84]). "Odo dux Burgundie" confirmed a donation by "frater meus domnus Hugo" to the abbey of Molesme with the consent of "fratres mei Robertus archidiaconus, Henricus puer, Beatrix et Helia sorores mee" by charter dated to [1081/84][198]. "Odo dux Burgundie" donated the village of Marcenay to the abbey of Molesme with the consent of "omnes eius fratres et sorores Robertus, Henricus, Beatrix, Helia" by charter dated to [1080/83][199]. Nun.
- f) RENAUD de Bourgogne ([1064]-10 Jan 1092). Monk at the abbey of Saint Pierre at Flavigny, abbot from [1084/85]. The necrology of Flavigny records the death "IV Id Feb" of "Rainaldus frater ducis abbas Flaviniacensis"[200].
- g) HENRI de Bourgogne ([1069/72]-killed in battle Astorga León 1 Nov 1112, bur Braga Cathedral). "Heynricus frater meus" witnessed the donation to Cluny of "Oddo dux Burgundie"[201]. An indication of his age is given in the charter dated to [1081/84] under which "Odo dux Burgundie" confirmed a donation by "frater meus domnus Hugo" to the abbey of Molesme with the consent of "fratres mei Robertus archidiaconus, Henricus puer, Beatrix et Helia sorores mee"[202]. His parentage is confirmed by an early 12th century document at Fleury which records that "Ainrico uni filiorum, filio…ducis Roberti" married "alteram filiam…non ex coniugali" of Alfonso VI King of Castile[203]. He took part in the war in Spain against the Moors, with his two brothers Eudes and Robert, in 1087. His aunt Queen Constance invited him to the court of Castile. Señor de Braga [1093]. He was installed as HENRIQUE Conde de Portugal in [1093] or [1095] by Alfonso VI King of Castile.
Duke Robert & his [first/second] wife had two children:
Duke Robert & his second wife ERMENGARDE d'Anjou had one child:
Helie of Burgundy was the daughter of Eudes I and Sibylla of Burgundy. In June 1095, she married Bertrand of Toulouse, as his second wife. The two had one son, Pons of Tripoli S. -1137 1098. Bertrand succeeded his father as count of Toulouse in 1105, and in 1108, he went to Outremer to claim his rights of fathers and the count of Tripoli. Helie accompanied him in this expedition, which ended in the capture of Tripoli in 1109, soon after their nephew William-Jordan died of wounds, giving Bertrand the undisputed claim to Tripoli. Bertrand died in 1112, and Pons succeeded him in Tripoli. Helie returned to France, where she married William III of Ponthieu in 1115. They had twelve children, including two named Robert, two named William, and two named Enguerrand:
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1016
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1034 |
1034
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1035 |
1035
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1040 |
1040
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1045 |
1045
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Bourgogne, , France
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1046 |
1046
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Dijon, Cote d'Or, Bourgogne, France
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1055 |
April 22, 1055
Age 39
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Semur-en-Brionnais, Saône-et-Loire, Burgandy, France
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of, Brienne
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