Henry X, duke of Bavaria

Heinrich X Herzog von Bayern

M, #111412, b. circa 1102, d. 20 October 1139

Last Edited=15 Jul 2005

    Heinrich X Herzog von Bayern was born circa 1102. He is the son of Heinrich IX Herzog von Bayern and Wolfhildis von Sachsen. He married Gertrude von Sachsen, daughter of Lothair II von Sachsen, Holy Roman Emperor and Richenza von Sachsen, on 29 May 1127 at Gunziclech, Swabia. 

He died on 20 October 1139 at Leuedlinburg.

    Heinrich X Herzog von Bayern also went by the nick-name of Heinrich 'the Proud'. (2) He succeeded to the title of Herzog von Bayern in 1126.1 He gained the title of Herzog von Sachsen ein der Weser in 1137. He was deposed as Duke of Bavaria in 1138. (2)

Child of Heinrich X Herzog von Bayern and Gertrude von Sachsen

-1. Heinrich V Herzog von Braunschweig-Lüneburg+1 b. 1129, d. 6 Aug 1195

Forrás / Source:

http://www.thepeerage.com/p11142.htm#i111412

http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_der_Stolze

Heinrich der Stolze

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Heinrich der Stolze (* 1102 oder 1108; † 20. Oktober 1139 in Quedlinburg) war von 1126 bis 1138 als Heinrich X. Herzog von Bayern und von 1137 bis zu seinem Tode 1139 als Heinrich II. Herzog von Sachsen. Außerdem war er Markgraf von Tuszien. Er kam aus dem Hause der Welfen und war 1138 Kandidat für die Wahl zum römisch-deutschen König (Thronprätendent).

Familie [Bearbeiten]

Ausschnitt aus der Stammtafel Heinrich des Löwen

Heinrich war der Sohn von Herzog Heinrich IX. dem Schwarzen von Bayern und Wulfhild von Sachsen und älterer Bruder von Welf VI.. Aus seiner Ehe mit Gertrud von Sachsen, Tochter König Lothars III. von Supplinburg vom 29. Mai 1127, ging Heinrich der Löwe hervor.

Biographie

Durch die Ehe mit Gertrud von Sachsen, Kaiser Lothar III. von Supplinburgs einziger Tochter, erhielt Heinrich nach dessen Tod die supplinburgischen, braunschweigischen und northeimischen Allodialgüter in Sachsen. Hier zeigen sich die Anfänge welfischer Machtausdehnung im Norden des Reiches, wovon memorialgeschichtlich auch die zwischen 1132 und 1137 in Lüneburg entstandene sächsische Welfenquelle Zeugnis ablegt. Heinrich unterstützte Lothar im Kampf gegen die Staufer und begleitete ihn 1136/37 auf dessen zweiten Italienzug. Hierbei wurde Heinrich mit der Markgrafschaft Tuszien belehnt und erhielt vom Papst die Mathildischen Güter. 1137 verlieh ihm Lothar kurz vor seinem Tod auch das Herzogtum Sachsen und designierte ihn zu seinem Nachfolger. Der Überlieferung nach rühmte er sich nach der Einsetzung zum Herzog von Sachsen, dass seine Besitzungen von Dänemark bis Sizilien reichten. ("A mari usque ad mare, id est a Dania usque in Siciliam")

Dennoch wurde – wohl aufgrund Heinrichs hochfahrenden Wesens und der bisherigen Machtfülle Heinrichs – nicht er, sondern der Staufer Konrad III. gewählt. Heinrich lieferte Konrad zwar die von Lothar empfangenen Reichskleinodien aus, weigerte sich jedoch – wie von Konrad gefordert – auf eines seiner Herzogtümer zu verzichten. Als Heinrich auch noch die Huldigung des neuen Königs verweigerte, ächtete Konrad ihn, gab Bayern an Leopold IV. von Österreich, Sachsen an Albrecht den Bären. Heinrich konnte sich in Sachsen jedoch gegen alle Angreifer und selbst gegen König Konrad behaupten, starb aber am 20. Oktober 1139 plötzlich. Er wurde neben seinen Schwiegereltern Lothar III. und Richenza von Northeim im Kaiserdom Königslutter bestattet.

Literatur [Bearbeiten]

   * Sigmund Ritter von Riezler: Heinrich X., der Stolze. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Band 11. Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1880, S. 462–466.

* Kurt Reindel: Heinrich X., der Stolze. In: Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB). Band 8. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1969, S. 343 f.
Vorgänger Amt Nachfolger

Lothar Herzog von Sachsen

1137–1138 Albrecht

Heinrich IX. Herzog von Bayern

1126–1138 Leopold

Engelbert von Spanheim Markgraf von Tuszien

1136–1139 Ulrich von Attems

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Henry X, Duke of Bavaria

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Henry the Proud (c. 1108 – 20 October 1139) was the Duke of Bavaria (Henry X, 1126–1139), Duke of Saxony (Henry II, 1137–1139), and Margrave of Tuscany (1137-1139).

He was the son of Henry the Black, Duke of Bavaria, and Wulfhild, daughter of Magnus Billung, Duke of Saxony, and thus a member of the Welf family, and, what was quite important, senior heir of the Billung family. His father and mother both died in 1126 (father became a monk shortly before his death), and as his elder brother Conrad had entered the church and died before their parents, Henry became duke of Bavaria. He shared the family possessions in Saxony, Bavaria and Swabia with his younger brother, Welf.

In 1127 he was married to Gertrude, the only child of Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor, whose marriage and inheritance Henry's father had been promised as reward for his changing to support Lothair in the royal election of 1125. Gertrude was heir of the properties of three Saxon dynasties: the House of Supplinburg, the Brunones, and the House of Northeim. The couple had only one son, Henry the Lion. After the marriage, Henry took part in the warfare between the king and the Hohenstaufen brothers, Frederick II, Duke of Swabia (who was Henry's brother-in-law, having been married with his sister Judith), and Conrad, Duke of Franconia, afterwards the German king Conrad III. While engaged in this struggle Henry was also occupied in suppressing a rising in Bavaria, led by Frederick, Count of Bogen, during which both duke and count sought to establish their own candidates in the Bishopric of Regensburg. After a war of devastation, Frederick submitted in 1133, and two years later the Hohenstaufen brothers made their peace with Lothair. In 1136, Henry accompanied his father-in-law to Italy, and taking command of one division of the imperial army marched into southern Italy, devastating the land as he went. Having distinguished himself by his military abilities during this campaign, Henry was appointed as margrave of Tuscany and as Lothair's successor in the Duchy of Saxony. He was also given the former properties of Matilda of Tuscany.

When Lothair died in December 1137, Henry's wealth and position made him a formidable candidate for the German crown, but the same qualities which earned him the surname of Proud, aroused the jealousy of the princes and so prevented his election. The new king, Conrad III, demanded the imperial insignia which were in Henry's possession, and the duke in return asked for his investiture with the Saxon duchy. But Conrad, who feared his power, refused to assent to this on the pretext that it was unlawful for two duchies to be in one hand. Attempts at a settlement failed, and in July 1138 Henry was deprived of his duchies. In 1139 Henry succeeded in expelling his enemies from Saxony and was preparing to attack Bavaria when he suddenly died in Quedlinburg Abbey. Henry was buried in the Collegiate Church of Königslutter next to his parents-in-law.

His son was Henry the Lion, who was underage. Henry's duchy of Bavaria was given to Leopold IV, Margrave of Austria, a half-brother of the new king Conrad. Saxony, which he had attempted to hold but was not officially invested with, was given to Albert the Bear, son of the younger daughter of the last Billung duke, Magnus.

Life and reign

He was the son of Henry the Black, Duke of Bavaria, and Wulfhild, daughter of Magnus Billung, Duke of Saxony, and thus a member of the Welf family, and, what was quite important, senior heir of the Billung family. His father and mother both died in 1126 (father became a monk shortly before his death), and as his elder brother Conrad had entered the church and died before their parents, Henry became duke of Bavaria. He shared the family possessions in Saxony, Bavaria and Swabia with his younger brother, Welf.

In 1127 he was married to Gertrude, the only child of Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor, whose marriage and inheritance Henry's father had been promised as reward for his changing to support Lothair in the royal election of 1125. Gertrude was heir of the properties of three Saxon dynasties: the House of Supplinburg, the Brunones, and the House of Northeim. The couple had only one son, Henry the Lion. After the marriage, Henry took part in the warfare between the king and the Hohenstaufen brothers, Frederick II, Duke of Swabia (who was Henry's brother-in-law, having been married with his sister Judith), and Conrad, Duke of Franconia, afterwards the German king Conrad III. While engaged in this struggle Henry was also occupied in suppressing a rising in Bavaria, led by Frederick, Count of Bogen, during which both duke and count sought to establish their own candidates in the Bishopric of Regensburg. After a war of devastation, Frederick submitted in 1133, and two years later the Hohenstaufen brothers made their peace with Lothair. In 1136, Henry accompanied his father-in-law to Italy, and taking command of one division of the imperial army marched into southern Italy, devastating the land as he went. Having distinguished himself by his military abilities during this campaign, Henry was appointed as margrave of Tuscany and as Lothair's successor in the Duchy of Saxony. He was also given the former properties of Matilda of Tuscany.

When Lothair died in December 1137, Henry's wealth and position made him a formidable candidate for the German crown, but the same qualities which earned him the surname of Proud, aroused the jealousy of the princes and so prevented his election. The new king, Conrad III, demanded the imperial insignia which were in Henry's possession, and the duke in return asked for his investiture with the Saxon duchy. But Conrad, who feared his power, refused to assent to this on the pretext that it was unlawful for two duchies to be in one hand. Attempts at a settlement failed, and in July 1138 Henry was deprived of his duchies. In 1139 Henry succeeded in expelling his enemies from Saxony and was preparing to attack Bavaria when he suddenly died in Quedlinburg Abbey. Henry was buried in the Collegiate Church of Königslutter next to his parents-in-law.

His son was Henry the Lion, who was underage. Henry's duchy of Bavaria was given to Leopold IV, Margrave of Austria, a half-brother of the new king Conrad. Saxony, which he had attempted to hold but was not officially invested with, was given to Albert the Bear, son of the younger daughter of the last Billung duke, Magnus.

Henry X, Duke of Bavaria

Henry the Proud (c. 1108 – 20 October 1139) was the Duke of Bavaria (Henry X, 1126–1139), Duke of Saxony (Henry II, 1137–1139), and Margrave of Tuscany (1137-1139).

He was the son of Henry the Black, Duke of Bavaria, and Wulfhild, daughter of Magnus Billung, Duke of Saxony, and thus a member of the Welf family, and, what was quite important, senior heir of the Billung family. His father and mother both died in 1126 (father became a monk shortly before his death), and as his elder brother Conrad had entered the church and died before their parents, Henry became duke of Bavaria. He shared the family possessions in Saxony, Bavaria and Swabia with his younger brother, Welf.

In 1127 he was married to Gertrude, the only child of Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor, whose marriage and inheritance Henry's father had been promised as reward for his changing to support Lothair in the royal election of 1125. Gertrude was heir of the properties of three Saxon dynasties: the House of Supplinburg, the Brunones, and the House of Northeim. The couple had only one son, Henry the Lion. After the marriage, Henry took part in the warfare between the king and the Hohenstaufen brothers, Frederick II, Duke of Swabia (who was Henry's brother-in-law, having been married with his sister Judith), and Conrad, Duke of Franconia, afterwards the German king Conrad III. While engaged in this struggle Henry was also occupied in suppressing a rising in Bavaria, led by Frederick, Count of Bogen, during which both duke and count sought to establish their own candidates in the Bishopric of Regensburg. After a war of devastation, Frederick submitted in 1133, and two years later the Hohenstaufen brothers made their peace with Lothair. In 1136, Henry accompanied his father-in-law to Italy, and taking command of one division of the imperial army marched into southern Italy, devastating the land as he went. Having distinguished himself by his military abilities during this campaign, Henry was appointed as margrave of Tuscany and as Lothair's successor in the Duchy of Saxony. He was also given the former properties of Matilda of Tuscany.

When Lothair died in December 1137, Henry's wealth and position made him a formidable candidate for the German crown, but the same qualities which earned him the surname of Proud, aroused the jealousy of the princes and so prevented his election. The new king, Conrad III, demanded the imperial insignia which were in Henry's possession, and the duke in return asked for his investiture with the Saxon duchy. But Conrad, who feared his power, refused to assent to this on the pretext that it was unlawful for two duchies to be in one hand. Attempts at a settlement failed, and in July 1138 Henry was deprived of his duchies. In 1139 Henry succeeded in expelling his enemies from Saxony and was preparing to attack Bavaria when he suddenly died in Quedlinburg Abbey. Henry was buried in the Collegiate Church of Königslutter next to his parents-in-law.

His son was Henry the Lion, who was underage. Henry's duchy of Bavaria was given to Leopold IV, Margrave of Austria, a half-brother of the new king Conrad. Saxony, which he had attempted to hold but was not officially invested with, was given to Albert the Bear, son of the younger daughter of the last Billung duke, Magnus.

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Henry X

Henry X

Henry, known as the Proud (c. 1108 – October 20, 1139), was Duke of Bavaria (Henry X, 1126–1139), Duke of Saxony (Henry II, 1138–1139), and Margrave of Tuscany (1137–1139).

He was the son of Henry the Black, Duke of Bavaria, and Wulfhild, daughter of Magnus Billung, Duke of Saxony, and thus a member of the Welf family, and, what was quite important, senior heir of the Billung family. His father and mother both died in 1126, and as his elder brother Conrad had entered the church and died before their parents, Henry became duke of Bavaria. He shared the family possessions in Saxony, Bavaria and Swabia with his younger brother, Welf.

In 1127 he was married to Gertrude, the only child of Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor, whose marriage and inheritance Henry's father had been promised as reward for his changing to support Lothair in the royal election of 1125. Gertrude was heir of the properties of three Saxon dynasties: the House of Supplinburg, the Brunones, and the House of Northeim. The couple had only one son, Henry the Lion. After the marriage, Henry took part in the warfare between the king and the Hohenstaufen brothers, Frederick II, Duke of Swabia (who was Henry's brother-in-law, having been married with his sister Judith), and Conrad, Duke of Franconia, afterwards the German king Conrad III. While engaged in this struggle Henry was also occupied in suppressing a rising in Bavaria, led by Frederick, Count of Bogen, during which both duke and count sought to establish their own candidates in the Bishopric of Regensburg. After a war of devastation, Frederick submitted in 1133, and two years later the Hohenstaufen brothers made their peace with Lothair. In 1136 Henry accompanied his father-in-law to Italy, and taking command of one division of the imperial army marched into southern Italy, devastating the land as he went. Having distinguished himself by his military abilities during this campaign, Henry was appointed as margrave of Tuscany and as Lothair's successor in the Duchy of Saxony. He was also given the former properties of Matilda of Tuscany.

When Lothair died in December 1137, Henry's wealth and position made him a formidable candidate for the German crown, but the same qualities which earned him the surname of Proud, aroused the jealousy of the princes and so prevented his election. The new king, Conrad III, demanded the imperial insignia which were in Henry's possession, and the duke in return asked for his investiture with the Saxon duchy. But Conrad, who feared his power, refused to assent to this on the pretext that it was unlawful for two duchies to be in one hand. Attempts at a settlement failed, and in July 1138 the duke was placed under arrest. He died in the next year, in the Abbey of Quedlinburg. Henry was buried in the Collegiate Church of Königslutter next to his parents-in-law.

His son was Henry the Lion, who was underage. Henry's duchy of Bavaria was given to Leopold IV, Margrave of Austria, a half-brother of the new king Conrad. Saxony, which he had attempted to hold but was not officially invested with, was given to the head of the family descending from the younger daughter of the last Billung duke.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_X,_Duke_of_Bavaria