Jacob Barney, Sr.

Will and probate records show ONLY widow Elizabeth and children: Jacob Barney, Sarah wife of John Grover and Hannah wife of John Cromwell. Son John Baptized in 1639 but not mentioned in will or probate.

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• Jacob Barney Find A Grave Memorial# 35999089 A tailor who came to Massachusetts Bay in 1633 & settled in Salem MA. Died in Salem 28 April 1673, aged 72.

Robert C. Anderson in The Great Migration Begins casts serious doubt as to Jacob's parents being Edward and Christian Barney.

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commissioner, Deputy to the General Court, husbandman, merchant, Selectman, surveyor, tailor, and yeoman

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Barney, Jacob-Anna Barney, Jacob-Anna Barney, Jacob-Anna Barney, Jacob-Anna. 0 Footnote Barney, Jacob-Anna ShortFootnote Barney, Jacob-Anna Bibliography Barney, Jacob-Anna.

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Page Jacob Barney
Born: c. 1601 In: England Note: Possibly a son of Edward and Christian (

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) Barney of Bradenham, Buckinghamshire. Edward left a legacy of ten pounds to a son, Jacob, "if he be living at the time of my death (1645) and do come over into England and personally demand the same." Religion: Puritan Immigrated: c. 1633 Note: qualifying ancestor, Winthrop Society Church: First Church At: Salem, Essex County, Massachusetts Occupation 1: commissioner Occupation 2: Deputy to the General Court Occupation 3: husbandman Occupation 4: merchant Occupation 5: Selectman Occupation 6: surveyor Occupation 7: tailor Occupation 8: yeoman Naturalized: May of 1634 At: Salem, Essex County, Massachusetts Note: Freeman Died: April 28, 1673 At: Salem, Essex County, Massachusetts

Marriage 1: c. 1631 Spouse 1: Anna

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Religion: Puritan Immigrated: c. 1633 Church: First Church At: Salem, Essex County, Massachusetts

Known issue: 1. Rev. Jacob, born circa 1632 in England. Married Hannah Johnson 18 Aug 1657 in Salem, Mass. Married second Anna Witt 26 Apr 1660 in Salem. 2. Hannah, born circa 1634. Married John Cromwell before 1669. 3. Sarah [see Grover, John]. 4. John, baptized 15 Dec 1639 in Salem. No further mention; probably died young.

Spouse 2: Elizabeth

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Primary sources: 1. New England, The Great Migration and The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1635. Robert Charles Anderson. 2. The Barney Family Historical Association. 3. New England Families, Genealogical and Memorial. Vol. III. William Richard Cutter. Published by the Lewis Historical Publishing Company. New York. 1913. 4. A Porter Pedigree. Juliet Porter.

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New England, The Great Migration and The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1635 Robert Charles Anderson, New England, The Great Migration and The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1635 Robert Charles Anderson, New England, The Great Migration and The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1635 Robert Charles Anderson. New England, The Great Migration and The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1635. 0 Footnote Robert Charles Anderson, New England, The Great Migration and The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1635 ShortFootnote Robert Charles Anderson, New England, The Great Migration and The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1635 Bibliography Robert Charles Anderson. New England, The Great Migration and The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1635.

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Page Jacob Barney. Origin: unknown. Migration: 1633. First residence: Salem. Occupation: tailor.

Church membership: Jacob Barney is in the list of Salem church members prior to the end of 1636, but his date of freemanship implies that he had been admitted before 14 May 1634 [SChR 6].

Freeman: 14 May 1634 [MBCR 1:369].

Education: Signed petition of 29 June 1658 [EQC 2:102]. As appraiser, signed inventory of Daniel Ray, 26 June 1662 [EQC 2:414]. Inventory included books valued at 18s.; in the settlement of the estate son Jacob was to have the father's Bible.

Offices: Deputy to General Court for Salem 2 September 1635, 6 September 1638, 26 May 1647, 18 May 1653 [MBCR 1:156, 236, 2:186, 3:297]; on 28 April 1655 "Jacob Barney is chosen Deputy for [the] first Sessions of the next General Court; upon Jacob Barney's refusal Edmond Batter is chosen for the first Sessions" [STR 1:183].

Essex jury, 25 September 1638, 25 December 1638, 25 June 1639, 30 June 1640, 29 December 1640 [EQC 1:9, 10, 11, 19, 23]; Essex grand jury 25 January 1641/2, 26 December 1643, 9 July 1644, 30 September 1644, 31 December 1644, 25 December 1649, 25 June 1650, 25 November 1651, 29 June 1652, 27 November 1655 [EQC 1:33, 57, 62, 74, 180, 191, 238, 253, 408; STR 1:120, 133, 185]; Essex petit jury, 30 December 1645, 30 June 1646, 28 December 1646, 26 March 1650, 31 December 1650, 30 November 1652, 28 November 1654, 29 June 1658, 26 June 1660, 24 June 1662, 28 June 1664, 25 June 1667 [EQC 1:89, 95, 186, 204, 270, 372, 2:71, 202, 385, 3:154, 413; STR 1:139, 144, 146, 216, 2:28, 47, 80].

Salem selectman 1654, 1655, 1657 [STR 1:175, 181, 184, 185, 187, 188, 189, 196, 198, 199, 200, 202, 203, 204, 207, 208, 209]; tithingman, 7 July 1644 [STR 1:131]; committee to lay out highway, 10 July 1650 [STR 1:165]; surveyor of bridges, 26 April 1658 [STR 1:215]; committee to assess town rate, 18 August 1658 [STR 1:217]; highway surveyor, 8 January 1660/1, 23 December 1662 [STR 2:10, 30]; various other Salem committees, 8 June 1657, 22 August 1657, 14 September 1657, 22 September 1657 [STR 1:201, 204, 205]. On 10 November 1668 "Jacob Barney Sr. [was] fined 50s. for refusing to serve in the place of a constable being formerly legally chosen. Jacob Barney Jun. chosen constable in his room" [STR 2:95]; on 9 March 1668/9 the fine was remitted [STR 2:100].

Estate: Granted 50 acres in Salem in 1636 (altered from 60 acres) [STR 1:20, 26]. Granted one acre of meadow on 25 December 1637, for a household of six [STR 1:102].

On 28 December 1650 Jacob Barney requested "a parcel of land at Long Hill that joineth to the farm that was Mr. Alford's," and was granted fifty acres; this same parcel was provisionally regranted to John Remont [i.e., Rayment] on 2 March 1652/3 [STR 1:166, 173].

In his will of 30 March 1652, John Hardy of Salem mentions "one acre of marsh that I bought of Jacob Barny" [EQC 1:255].

On 26 July 1657 William Paine of Boston sold to Jacob Barney of Salem for £8 one hundred acres which was "sometimes the farm lot of Richard Ingersall of Salem deceased the which farm is bounded on the east with the farm of Jacob Barney..." [EQC 4:109].

On 29 November 1667 Job Swinnerton Jr. of Salem sold to Jacob Barney Sr. of the same for £10 68 rods in Salem [ELR 3:42]. On 8 October 1668 Thomas Chubb of Salem, carpenter, mortgaged to Jacob Barney of Salem, tailor, four acres of land; the mortgage was cleared on 20 February 1682, as acknowledged by "Jacob Barnie, son of the within specified Jacob Barny" [ELR 3:43].

The inventory of Jacob Barney Sr. was taken 2 June 1673 and totalled £655 3s. 8d., of which £462 was real estate: seven acres salt marsh, £42; five acres meadow called Bishop's Meadow, £5; 250 acres land, £360; five acres meadow called Bunker Meadow, £20; dwelling house, barn and cowhouse, £26; and 68 rods in Salem, £9. On 24 June 1673 administration on the estate of Jacob Barney was granted to Eliza[beth] the widow and Jacob the son. On 28 June 1673 the heirs entered into an agreement on the distribution of the estate; after provision for the widow, all the lands and housing were to go to Jacob Barney "the only son of Jacob Barney," except for the "small parcel in the town of Salem," which was to go to John Cromwell; "whereas Jacob Barne's sister died and left one son and three daughters, viz. John Grover, Hannah Grover, Sarah Grover and Abigall Grover, their said uncles Jacob Barne and John Cromwell" are to provide for them [EPR 2:359-61].

Birth: About 1601 (deposed 18 April 1672 "aged about seventy-one years" [EQC 5:57]).

Death: Salem 28 April 1673, aged 72.

Marriage: (1) By 1638 Anna (and probably by 1632, as there is no evidence of an earlier wife); Anna Barney was admitted to Salem church in 1638, prior to 17 May [SChR 7].

(2) Elizabeth, his widow and administratrix of his estate; on 2 January 1676/7 "the widow Barny" received a tax abatement from the town of Salem [STR 2:216].

Children: i. Jacob, b. say 1632; m. (1) Salem 18 August 1657 Hana Johnson; m. (2) Salem 26 April 1660 Anna Witt. ii. Hannah, b. say 1634; m. John Cromwell of Salem; no issue. (The date of this marriage is unknown, and in a deposition of 18 April 1672 Jacob Barney Sr. described the pre-nuptial negotiations with Philip Cromwell and his wife [EQC 5:57]. Since the deposition referred to "George Corwin his former wife," the marriage must have taken place prior to 1669, when Corwin married his second wife.) iii. Sarah, b. say 1636; m. Salem 13 May 1656 John Grover. iv. John, bp. Salem 15 December 1639 [SChR 17]; no further record, and not mentioned in settlement of father's estate.

Comments: In his will of 13 April 1643 Edward Barney of Braddenham, Buckinghamshire, bequeathed £10 to his son Jacob Barney "if he be living at the time of my death and do come over into England and personally demand the same" [Waters 1241]. Many writers on the Barney family have taken this as satisfactory evidence of the English origin of Jacob Barney of Salem [e.g., Stevens-Miller Anc 281-82], but the proof is inadequate in more than one respect. First, the will says only that Jacob Barney is not in England, and not that he is in Salem, or even New England. Second, the parish register of Bradenham exists from 1627, so there is at least the chance that the marriage of Jacob Barney, and the baptisms of a child or two, might be found there, but there is no evidence that anyone has ever searched. Furthermore, recent research in the parish register of Epping, Essex, has serendipitously turned up the following entries:

Jacob Barney and Hanna Stace married 16 January 1626/7. An[n] the daughter of Jacob Barney and Hanna his wife, baptized 5 January 1627/8. Jacob Barne the son of Jacob Barne and Anna his wife, baptized October 25, 1629.

These three records are at least compatible with what we know of the Salem family, and provide a candidate at least as good as the Jacob Barney of Buckinghamshire. Further research in both Bradenham and Epping should be undertaken before any more positive position is taken on the origin of Jacob Barney of Salem. Pope combines a few records of the immigrant Jacob Barney with the marriage, children and will of his son of the same name.

Several sources claim that either Jacob Barney Sr. or Jacob Barney Jr. was a leader in the formation of the early Baptist churches in New England, including the church at Swansea. The name Jacob Barney does not appear in the early records of any of these churches, and there is no evidence that Jacob Barney Sr. ever lived outside Salem, so the source of these claims is totally unknown.

In 1639 and 1640 Jacob Barney was sued by and then sued Richard Ingersoll over some marsh land [EQC 1:13, 21]. In 1657 Jacob Barney bought from William Paine the farm which had been Richard Ingersoll's, adjacent to the land of Jacob Barney. In 1669 John and Nathaniel Ingersoll, sons of Richard Ingersoll, sued Jacob Barney, claiming that the sale was invalid and the land was rightfully theirs. In the course of this dispute several persons deposed on past events relating to this land and earlier arguments between Barney and Ingersoll [EQC 4:108-12, 144-45].

In 1647, when the General Court passed sentence on Dr. Robert Child and the others who had petitioned against the government of Massachusetts Bay, Jacob Barney was the only member of the General Court recorded as opposing the judgment and the sentence [MBCR 3:113].

On 29 June 1658 Jacob Barney was one of seven men petitioning the court to appoint Hilliard Veren as court clerk [EQC 2:102].

On 27 May 1671 the Salem selectmen ordered that a highway two rods wide be laid out through Jacob Barney Senior's land [STR 2:127]; further action was required by the selectmen to satisfy Barney for the land taken from him [STR 2:141, 156].

On 21 April 1673 and 27 December 1673 the selectmen inquired into land claimed by Jacob Barney which the town thought was still part of the common [STR 2:164, 180]; the first of these dates was just a week before his death.

In the early years in New England men who were called repeatedly to serve in town, county or colony office were usually those who were not frequently before the courts as plaintiffs or defendants, or who were not otherwise controversial. Jacob Barney is a clear exception to this practice, for he served frequently at every level, and yet did many things which could not have endeared him to the community leaders, such as opposing Robert Child's sentence, refusing on more than one occasion to serve in office, or engaging in a decades-long dispute with the Ingersoll family. His talents were obviously of sufficient importance that other leading citizens were willing to overlook his antisocial activities.

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The Barney Family Historical Association The Barney Family Historical Association The Barney Family Historical Association The Barney Family Historical Association. 0 Footnote The Barney Family Historical Association ShortFootnote The Barney Family Historical Association Bibliography The Barney Family Historical Association.

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Page All authoritative researchers have concluded that Jacob Barney of Salem, Massachusetts Bay Colony is the Jacob referred to in the will of Edward Barney of Bradenham, Buckinghamshire, to receive a legacy of £10 if he be living at the time of my death and do come over into England and personally demand the same. [For a discussion of Edward Barney of Bradenham, see NL #43, Sept. 1989, pp.1-11]. I embrace this conclusion as most logical and most probable.

He was aged 72 at his death in 1673, so he was born about 1601. I did not find a record of his Christening in Bradenham (or elsewhere in Buckingham or in England). However, neither are the Christenings of Edward's two daughters, Anne Loveday and Katherine Dorvall recorded in the Bradenham parish records, although Anne's marriage to Francis Loveday is recorded.

Since absolutely nothing is known of Jacob Barney's early life in England, we can only assume that he grew up in Bradenham and perhaps worked his father's lands and lease-holds. He was married in England, whether in Buckingham or elsewhere is not known. Among the members of the first church of Salem in 1637 was Anne Barney, and all authorities have concluded she was Jacob Barney's wife who must have come with him from England along with their child Jacob Barney Jr. We can also assume that our Jacob Barney was of firm convictions in the Puritan religious faith, since nearly all the early immigrants to Massachusetts Bay Colony were of that faith. For these English Puritans, the new colony of Massachusetts had a meaning that is not easily translated into secular terms; when most of these emigrants explained their motives for coming to the New World, religion was mentioned not merely as their leading purpose. It was their only purpose. The great migration developed in this spirit -- above all as a religious movement of English Christians who meant to build a new Zion in America.

Authoritative genealogists are unanimous in their pronouncement that Jacob Barney and his fellow emigrants left England because of religious persecution. Most American and English historians concede that religious intolerance under the Church of England was indeed the major factor in this migration from England, but some English historians take a more secular view, pointing out several other factors, any or all of which may have convinced Jacob Barney to leave England precisely when he did.

The structured social order was one such factor: With social status permanently assigned at birth, the son of a Yeoman -- even a wealthy one -- could never aspire to be much better than a peasant. Another major factor was economics. Conditions of the lower classes were very hard during the reign of King Charles I, an era of economic depression, epidemic disease and much suffering. Even though Jacob's father was comparatively wealthy, he may have been inspired by reports of freedom and great wealth to be had in the Colony of Massachusetts Bay. Another reason, and this one is of major importance, was the political climate in England. The dissolution of Parliament by King Charles I in 1629 had added to the gravity of the Puritans' situation, eliminating hopes for a reasonable settlement of their grievances against the Crown. Specifically, the eleven years (1629-1640) during which the great migration occurred are precisely the period that English historians call the eleven years' tyranny when Charles I tried to rule England without a Parliament and Archbishop William Lund purged the church of its Puritan members.

The political affairs in England were in a critical stage. No one was safe from the ruin of his fortune and the loss of his freedom. Forced loans were extorted and unjust taxes imposed. Proclamations, the Star Chamber, andthe High Commission Court were the instruments of government. The Tower, Marshalsea, and Gate House were crowded with men who refused to yield to arbitrary rule. Property, liberty and religion were in jeopardy. The English merchants were encouraging the Puritans and Popular party in their opposition to the Crown. Neither Puritans nor disaffected upper classes could see anything ahead but fines, imprisonment, persecution and ruin.

Essex and the neighboring counties from whence came most of the Massachusetts settlers had suffered from industrial and agrarian unrest. The crisis in the cloth trade and agriculture caused increased unemployment, dearth of food, poor trade, and a rising scale in the cost of living. The economic crisis affected all groups, gentry as well as middle and lower classes.

The civil unrest which had begun with the death of Queen Elizabeth over two decades earlier was to fester for another decade, and then erupt in the great Civil War which overthrew the Monarchy and placed Oliver Cromwell at the head of the government as Lord Protector of England.

The formal establishment of the Colony of Massachusetts Bay came in 1629. The Plymouth settlement had just been extended to Salem, and the charter appointing the governor and company of Massachusetts Bay in New England was issued by the Crown direct to the company which had settled at Salem. On the completion of the arrangements of government, John Winthrop and 1500 colonists sailed to the new colony in 1630. According to the Memoirs of Thomas Hutchinson3 the first news they had was of a general conspiracy of all the Indians as far as Naraghanset, to extirpate the English.

The ship Lyon arrived in Salem just ahead of the main Winthrop fleet in 1630, and the Jacob Barney family may have been passengers on that ship. There is no record of his actual emigration from England, nor of his actual arrival in Massachusetts Bay Colony. It is said by Pope Virkus and others that he came from Swansea, Wales which was a major embarkation port for the colonists. It has been theorized that he was among the passengers on the ship Lyon which arrived in 1630. There is no known list of passengers coming on this ship, just before the arrival of the Winthrop Fleet, and a list of probable passengers, including Jacob Barney, was put together from various contemporary references and a process of elimination (since the names of most of the passengers arriving with Winthrop's main fleet are known from contemporary sources).

Whether or not Jacob Barney was actually a passenger on the Lyon will probably never be known. Although the Lyon was not officially a part of the fleet chartered by Governor Winthrop to transport colonists to the new Bay Colony, it must certainly have been authorized by him. The following historical account of the Lyon is contained in Appendix C of The Winthrop Fleet of 16307.

The Ship Lyon, 1630. This ship was famous in the history of the early emigration to Massachusetts, and her Master was equally noted for his skillful seamanship and his sympathy with the policy of the Puritan leaders. In 1630, 1631 and 1632 she made four voyages hither in quick succession under his command with the regularity and safety of a ferry, and on one of them saved the new settlement from starvation and death by her timely arrival with provisions. The official connection of the Lyon with the Winthrop Fleet is of the same character as of the Mary and John, as both were doubtless approved by the Governor. In his letter of March 28, 1630 to his wife, written from the Arabella, off the Isle of Wight, after noting the sailing of the Mary and John, Winthrop wrote: ... and the ship which goes from Bristowe [Bristol] carrieth about eighty persons. This was the Lyon and she probably sailed from that port to accommodate passengers living in the West Counties. That they were authorized to settle in the limits of the Bay Patent seems assured, as there is no evidence to the contrary following their arrival. The date of her departure is not known (probably in March) but her arrival at Salem is reported in the latter part of May, some time before the Arabella reached that port.

Of Captain William Peirse, her Master, more particulars are known. He had sailed to Plymouth in 1623 as Master of the Anne of London, bringing the last lot of passengers to the Pilgrim settlement. Thereafter he was in constant traffic in passengers and merchandise across the Atlantic. He took up his residence in Boston in 1632 and was admitted Freeman on May 14, 1634. [NOTE: This was the same day that our Jacob Barney was admitted Freeman]. The names and identities of the eighty passengers who sailed in the Lyon from Bristol to Salem have not been investigated, as they were soon amalgamated with the existing settlement there.

Although many of the vanguard of the Massachusetts Bay colonists, who had arrived the year before the main Winthrop fleet, had died during the harsh winter of 1629-30, the new colony was relatively healthy. Many of the new arrivals were weak with scurvy after their long sea voyage; fevers spread swiftly through the camp; and people died. But the Bay Colony knew nothing like the "starving time of Jamestown or Plymouth.

The builders of the Bay Colony thought of themselves as a twice-chosen people: once by God, and again by the General Court of Massachusetts. Other English colonies eagerly welcomed any man, woman or child who could be dragged on board an emigrant ship. But Massachusetts chose its colonists with care. Not everyone was allowed to settle there. In doubtful cases, the founders of the colony actually demanded written proof of good character. This may have been the only English colony that required some of its immigrants to submit letters of recommendation. Further, after immigrants arrived, the social chaff was speedily separated from the chosen few. Those who did not fit in were banished to other colonies or sent back to England. This complex process of cultural winnowing created a very special population.

To a remarkable degree, the founders of Massachusetts arrived in families -- more so than any major ethnic group in American history. From the start, this exceptionally high level of family integration set Massachusetts apart from other American colonies.

In terms of social rank, most emigrants to Massachusetts came from the middle strata of English society. Only a few were of the aristocracy, and the gentry accounted for only about ten percent. The great majority were yeomen, husbandmen, artisans, craftsmen, merchants and traders -- the sturdy middle class of England. They were not poor. Remarkably few of the emigrants came from the bottom of English society, not surprising since the colony's leaders actively discouraged servants and other emigrants of humble means. As a result of this policy, nearly 3/4 of adult Massachusetts immigrants paid their own passage -- no small sum in 1630. The cost of outfitting and moving a family across the ocean was about £50 for the poorest accommodations, or £80 for those who wished a few minimal comforts. A typical English yeoman had an annual income of perhaps £40 to £60. Most ordinary English families could not afford the trip to Massachusetts.

The social status of these people also appeared in their high levels of literacy. Two-thirds of New England's adult male immigrants were able to sign their own names. In old England before 1640 only about 1/3 could do so. The reproduction of Jacob Barney's signature shown here is from an official document, many of which contained his signature. One such document, which Jacob Barney and six other men signed, was an April 29, 1658 petition to the General Court requesting that the man chosen as Clerk of Court be allowed to serve, even though he had since moved from Salem.

The earliest record of Jacob Barney is when he was admitted to the Massachusetts Bay Colony as a freeman on May 14, 1634. It is likely that he arrived some time previous to that date, possibly in May 1630 as a passenger on the Lyon, as discussed previously. The act of taking the Freemens' Oath, and being admitted as a freeman to the new colony, is extremely important in our understanding of Jacob Barney's official position and social standing.

Att a Gen rall Courte, holden att Boston, May 14th, 1634: It was agreed & ordered, that the former oath of Freemen shall be revoked, soe farr as it is dissonant from the oath of Freemen hereunder written, & that those that received the former oath shall stand bound noe further thereby, to any intent or purpose, then this newe oath types those that nowe takes ye same10.

Further, it is agreed, that none but the Genrall Court hath power to chuse and admitt Freemen.

That none but the Genrall Court hath power to make and establishe lawes, nor to elect and appoynet officers, as Gouvnr, Deputy Gouvnr, Assistants, Treasurer, Secretary, Captn, Leiuetents, Ensignes, or any of like moment, or to remove such upon misdemeanor, as also to sett out the dutyes and powers of the said officers.

That none but the Genrall Court hath power to rayse moneyes & taxes, & to dispose of lands, viz, to give & confirme Proprietyes.

The above pronouncements and new Freemens' Oath were the results of The Peaceful Revolution of 1634. In 1630, when the Massachusetts Bay Company charter was brought to America by Winthrop, there were only twelve stockholder-freemen, and deaths soon reduced this number to eight. Thus a handful governed two thousand, and the resulting government was very autocratic. From the beginning the people (or non-freemen) demanded a voice in the government. When the first session of the General Court met in october 1630, with only the governor, deputy governor, and the other eight freemen present, more than 100 heads of families applied for admission to the corporation.

Governor Winthrop faced a dilemma. Were the request refused, the applicants might leave the colony for nearby settlements, or go back to England, and Massachusetts Bay might collapse. Were they admitted, on the other hand, the Puritan oligarchy might lose control, and the Puritan ideal would be endangered. Over the next few years some compromises were made whereby the oligarchy retained power but more freemen were admitted to the corporation. These compromises considerably encouraged the freemen, though they caused Winthrop much concern. He told the General Court that when the charter was issued, the number of freemen was supposed to be so few as they might well join in making laws. Now, however, the increase in population made the original method impracticable; they were grown to so great a body, as it was not possible for them to make or execute laws, but they must choose others for that purpose.

Disputes between authorities in Salem and Boston regarding the Massachusetts Bay patent, coupled with implied threats from England that a Royal Governor might be appointed, characterized a critical period in the colony in 1634. In April 1634, Governor Winthrop ordered that all Bay residents, not freemen, take a Resident's Oath pledging themselves to submit to the orders of the General Court and not to plot nor practice evil against it. The governor also issued writs summoning all freemen to the General Court the following month. As a result of this first political convention in America, the above orders were issued.

At the next session of the General Court, May 14, 1634, the first representative Court, a new Freeman's Oath was passed which required the freemen to pledge allegiance to the General Court and officers. The purpose was, according to John Cotton, to discover Episcopal and malignant practices against the country. In essence the oaths renounced obedience to King and Parliament should a Royal Governor be sent over.

At this Court several new freemen were admitted, including Jacob Barney. Freeman was originally a definition of status in feudal society, a man not tied to the land or by other economic servitude. In England it later came to mean a person possessing the full privileges of a city, borough, or company, to which admission was usually by birth, purchase, or apprenticeship. In the 17th century, freemen were quite powerful, claiming extensive trading privileges and tax exemptions. Since most towns were organized as corporations, chartered by the Crown, as those alone holding a town or borough franchise, the freemen had vast influence in local government and parliamentary elections.

The Massachusetts Bay Company was created as a body politic and corporate with a governor, deputy governor, and assistants chosen by the freemen. Four general courts or assemblies of freemen were to be held each year, at which they could admit other freemen "as they shall think fit. This is a long way from being a democracy, and "freeman did not mean a free citizen, but was a title of a member of the Company as a "stockholder now is.

The organization styled The Governor and Company of the Massachusetts Bay in New England was, therefore, something more than a modern commercial company, since it had jurisdiction over a definite stretch of territory [between the Merrimac and Charles Rivers and from the Atlantic to the Pacific]. It was a frame of government -- almost an independent state, holding its rights directly from the Crown. Yet from another point of view, it was a trading company organized for profit. It had its stockholders, or freemen, holding different amounts of stock, who, with the freemen duly admitted from time-to-time, elected their governor and assistants, clerk and treasurer. The money subscribed was invested in ships, weapons for defense, tools, supplies, provisions, and all articles needful for the work of planting a colony. The Company was allowed to take persons and goods to New England free of all duties and taxes for 7 years, and of all customs for 25 years. The ships bringing emigrants and supplies to the colony were loaded on their return with merchandise consigned to the Company, the results of the labor of its members, which could be sold at a profit in England. The leaders were very able and comparatively wealthy men, and they furnished the money to see the venture through. Their main reward came from land grants proportionate to their contributions, which in the course of 25-30 years came to have a substantial value.

We should begin to appreciate then, the status and position of Jacob Barney who was among the very few colonists who were eligible to take the Freemens' Oath on May 14, 1634, the day that the law establishing the new oath was enacted. remembering that at first the owners of the town were the freemen of the Company and that but few of the citizens were freemen, it is not difficult to see that these men could easily meet and decide on public matters. There were probably not more than 45 freemen in Salem before 1640, and only 60 by 1651, so they could easily hold meetings at which a majority would be present. None but the freemen had any say in the government, including newcomers who had not yet been admitted as freemen. Moreover, none but freemen could hold civil or military office after 1637. In general only church members could become freemen.

Salem authorities were more strict in the admission of inhabitants under the first charter than subsequently. Many who applied for residence in Salem were denied and warned away. Others were accepted on trial, on condition of bringing their wives from abroad, and of obtaining satisfactory credentials as to their membership in the church, or good moral character. Fines were sometimes levied on individuals who, more hospitable than observant of legal restrictions, entertained strangers without authority from the municipal officers.

Jacob Barney was described by his great-grandson, Daniel Barney [#39 in Preston's Genealogy of the Barney Family in America] as a little less than six feet tall, with dark hair and eyes, fresh complexion, dignified in manner, a hearty well-wisher to all men. Soon after becoming a freeman of the colony he commenced what was to be a long and active public career. His name is prominently mentioned in connection with the commerce of Salem, his occupation being listed generally as yeoman or husbandman, but he was identified as a tailor on at least one record. He was often the official surveyor of roads and property boundaries, was charged with the enforcement of town and church laws, was a Deacon and took an active part in church activities.

Of greatest importance, he was also intimately involved in the judicial activities and government of the colony. If he kept a diary it has not been found, nor have other accounts of his personal daily life. However, we can gain a great deal of insight about his character by examining the record of his public service.

On September 1, 1635, at the Quarterly General Court in Boston, Jacob Barney of Salem was a member of the first Grand Jury of North America which presented above one hundred offenses, including the case of Roger Williams. One of the cases considered by this body, deemed important enough at the time to be chronicled by Governor Winthrop, had to do with runaway servants: Captain Trask of Salem was directed to apprehend Diverse lewd servants, who had run away, and stole a skiff and other things. He pursued them to the Isle of Shoals, and thence to Pascataqua, where, in the night, he took them by surprise; and, bringing them to Boston, they were, at the next Court, severely whipped, and ordered to pay all charges.

After a stormy 67-day voyage from Bristol, the good ship Lyon dropped anchor at Nantasket, near Boston harbor, on Feb. 5, 1631. On board was Roger Williams of London, a graduate of Cambridge University, protegé of the great Sir Edward Coke, described as a man of good account in England, a godly and zealous preacher, already known and highly esteemed by some of the leading magistrates and elders. Governor Winthrop recorded the Lyon's arrival and noted that she... brought Mr. Williams, a godly minister, with his wife... Ardent of temperament, clear and strong of intellect, already marked for his courage, decision, and individuality, the 28-year old Roger Williams was a welcome addition to the infant colony.

The arrival of Roger Williams marks the beginning of a famous episode in New England history. Within five years this young minister was a solitary pilgrim and homeless fugitive from New England persecutions, seeking refuge in the wilderness, disgraced and forbidden to return.

Soon after arriving he was chosen teacher at Boston, since the Boston leaders were impressed by his acquaintance with affairs and intimacy with the Puritan leaders in England, as much as with his zealous preaching. But he refused the call. Upon examination of the religious and civil policy he found them an unseparated people who still held communion with the Church of England. Secondly, he denied the power of the magistrates to rule in spiritual matters and to punish any breach of the Ten Commandments. At the very outset of his career in America he announced the three principles that were to reappear in his later controversies: rigid Separatism; absolute soul liberty; and separation of church and civil state. His position struck at the root and foundation of the Holy Commonwealth of the Bay colony, where the statute book was the Bible, pure and simple, and the Ten Commandments were the cornerstone of their social fabric.

These revolutionary ideas were not well received by the Puritans. If the magistrates could not punish such breaches as sabbath breaking, idolatry, false worship, blasphemy and heresy, then civil society would surely be destroyed. And so his stay in Boston was stormy and brief.

Two months after refusing to serve at Boston, he received a call to be a teacher at Salem, to the great alarm of Boston magistrates and elders. On April 12, 1631, the same day he was called to Salem, the General Court wrote a letter to the Salem leaders, in which they marvelled that Salem would choose him without advising with the Council. Nevertheless, already at odds with Governor Winthrop and Boston in general for displacing Salem in importance, Salem welcomed Williams with open arms, thereby giving the Boston magistrates a direct rebuke.

At Salem he renewed his attack against the Boston church, the use of civil power in spiritual matters, and Boston interference with the Salem church. Since he could not renounce his opinions, however, he was inevitably headed for trouble. An active opposition began to form against him in the settlements outside Salem, and before the close of the summer he was forced to leave the Bay colony altogether and live in Plymouth.

In the autumn of 1631 he was prophesying at Plymouth, and for the next two years the independent colony protected him from persecution by Massachusetts Bay. The Pilgrims were more fully in accord with the doctrines and ideas of the Separatists than was Boston. The tolerance, religious views, and government of the Pilgrims allowed them to be more receptive of Williams' ideas. The civil-religious Mayflower Compact made the Plymouth colony a primitive Christian democracy. Unlike the limited franchise in Massachusetts Bay, the governor and Council at Plymouth were chosen by the vote of all and were subject to the popular assembly of adult male colonists.

Williams could not leave well enough alone, however. In 1632 he began missionary work among the New England Indians, visiting them in their wigwams, conducting trade, and associating with them in their daily life. During his work among the Indians, during which he studied their language, customs and religion, he became concerned about the sin of the Royal patents and charters. Charles I had granted a new patent to Plymouth in 1630, by right of discovery and by virtue of his Christianity. Neither the Pilgrims nor the King had paid the Indian tribes for the lands they took from them. In 1632 Roger Williams openly condemned the King's patent and questioned the right of Plymouth to the Indian lands unless by direct purchase from the Indians in a voluntary sale.

He prepared a pamphlet, in December 1632, giving his arguments and proofs against their right to Indian lands, which struck the Plymouth leaders with alarm. His theory undermined the political structure, openly charged the King with uttering a solemn lie, and denied his prerogatives.

During the second year of exercising his gifts of prophecy, exhorting and instructing those at Plymouth, he stirred up even more religious and civil disputes. He disagreed with their theocratic state, objected to their hearing the ministers of the Anglican church when in England, denounced their patent, denied the King's right to claim Indian land, and held the patent invalid. Therefore, the Plymouth leaders were glad to be rid of the divinely mad and overzealous man of God when, in the summer of 1633, he was given a second call to teach at Salem, Massachusetts Bay, and was made an elder in the Salem church.

Roger Williams' return to Salem was the prelude to a series of controversies that shook the Holy Commonwealth to its very foundation. No sooner was he able to speak in public than he repeated the attack on the patent begun at Plymouth, claiming that they have not the land merely by right of patent from the King, but the Natives are true owners of all they possess or improve. The attack from Salem was the first rumbling of a coming storm that was destined to shake the colony to its very roots and almost destroyed the theocracy. The Bay authorities knew that Williams' return to Salem boded no good for them, but they could not ignore his social and political influence with the Puritan leaders in England, whose help they needed to defend their patent against enemies at the English Court.

In the spring of 1634, when all freemen were ordered to take the Freemens' Oath, Williams vehemently declined. The new oath lacked the phrase, the faith and rule which I bear to our Sovereign Lord and King, denied the patent, made the General Court the source of civil power, and accepted the right of magistrates to punish religious breaches. Not having taken the Freemens' Oath he also refused to take the Resident's Oath. His championship of the people's cause made opposition to the oaths so widespread that the Court saw him as an evil genius in his dissidence of dissent.

In December 1634 Williams began a year of probation, to which he had been sentenced by the Court which met November 27th, and during which he continued and increased his attacks on the Bay colony authorities. On April 12, 1635 the Salem church elevated him to the position of teacher, a severe rebuff to the Bay authorities. At the July General Court the town of Salem was held accountable, as well as the Salem church, for Letters of Admonition supporting Williams, which the Bay authorities found offensive.

The Salem deputies, among them Jacob Barney, were dismissed from the September Court until they could produce evidence that the freemen of Salem did not support Williams. The Court was then adjourned to the next Quarter General Court which was to meet at Newtown on October 6, 1635. During the intervening month the magistrates and elders, by frequent visits and letters to the freemen and church members of Salem, had been able to win over a small majority of them to disclaim the offensive Letters of Admonition. Two active newcomers took a leading part in the persecution: Hugh Peters and Richard Mather, both of whom played large roles in subsequent New England history.

Even though the majority of church members and other non-freemen Salem residents still supported Williams, the Salem deputies to the General Court, Capt. William Trask, John Woodberry, and Jacob Barney, were able to fetch satisfaction from Salem that a majority of the freemen had disavowed the Letters.
The magistrates of the Bay colony had shown more leniency to Roger Williams than to any other opponent of the colony, but their dalliance with him came to an end on Thursday, October 8, 1635. The God-fearing men of the General Court were at once legislators, executives, and judiciary -- judge and jury, and the final court of appeal in the trial of Roger Williams, against whom they were also the complainants.

His sentence was banishment from the colony. If he were to refrain from exercising his gifts, he might be allowed to remain in Salem until spring. However, he made no promises of obedience and within a few days word reached Boston that he was again preaching his dangerous opinions19. A Warrant was immediately sent to Salem to have him arrested and put aboard a ship then lying at Nantasket for transport back to England.

The Salem officials could not find Roger Williams, however, for he had fled from the colony (having been fore-warned about the Warrant). And thus escaped the founder of Rhode Island from the hands raised against him, under a mstaken sense of duty, and was wending his way through an almost trackless wilderness, amidst the snows and frosts of mid-winter, or encountering the more perilous journey in an open boat, following the indentations of the icy and savage coast, southward, for the safety of person and freedom of conscience which he knew God had vouchsafed to all men20.

Whether Jacob Barney was part of the majority of Salem residents who supported Roger Williams, and only reluctantly joined the majority of the Salem freemen in condemning him, I could not determine. At Williams' trial there was one dissenting vote. I assume that Jacob Barney voted with the majority to banish Williams from the colony, although at a similar trial eleven years later he was the only member of the Court to oppose the sentence.

As he was one of only a very few Salem residents qualified to serve, Jacob Barney was selected to serve nearly continuously, in one capacity or another, from 1635 until 166221. In addition to being a deputy to the General Court, serving either on the Trial Jury or Grand Jury, his public duties included surveying, setting tax rates, and enforcing the rules of Salem town and church.

Hardly had the town records begun before the question of roads was raised. Those freemen who received grants of land were ordered to leave room for highways. As official surveyor, Jacob Barney laid out property lines, marked the placement of fences, and located the proper right-of-way for public highways, including bridges and ferries. He was also often the arbitrator in property boundary disputes. In 1657 he represented Salem in negotiations with the neighboring towns of Ipswich and Topsfield regarding town boundaries.

In December 1638 he was chosen one of the Deacons of the church at Salem. His duties to the Salem church were not separate from his duties to Salem town, since the Salem town authorities were obligated to enforce all rules regarding religion. For example, at a town meeting on October 4, 1643, Jacob Barney was appointed to perform the following duty: On Lord's Day to walke forth in the tune of Gods worshipps, to take notice of such as either lye about the meeting Howse without giving good account thereof, and to take the names of such persons & to present them to the magistrate, whereby they may be accordinglie procdeeded against.

It was in the fall of 1637 that the idea of running the town of Salem by a committee occurred to the freemen22, and they voted that men shall be chosen for manadging the affairs of the Towne. The next year seven men were chosen; but the same men who came usually to the town meeting were the ones chosen, so it made little difference, and the following year it was voted that six was a quorum in any town meeting. Such authorities were called, at times, the Townsmen, and the select Townsmen; at other times they were called the seven men. During 1647-1654 they were sometimes called selectmen, the name used consistently after 165523. Jacob Barney is named as selectman in the town records for 1655-1658.

For a decade after the Peaceful Revolution of 1634, the General Court was composed of two elements: the assistants, sympathetic to the Puritan oligarchy, and the deputies of the freemen, chosen by town meetings and constituting a republican element. They all sat as one body, and the deputies, as they outnumbered the assistants, could outvote them.

To overcome their lack of numbers, the assistants in 1634 demanded that all measures must have a majority of both groups. This proposition was reluctantly accepted by the deputies, but set the stage for future controversy between the appointed members and the elected ones. The deputies soon realized, therefore, that they would have more power and influence if they sat as a separate house.

Their efforts to do so failed until 1644, when a case involving a stray pig came to trial before the General Court, which included Jacob Barney. Ownership of the pig was being disputed a poor woman and a wealthy merchant. The case had escalated to the General Court after several suits and counter-suits and a number of appeals. Although the evidence concerning ownership of the pig, and counter-charges of slander, was not clear, the Court divided along class lines. The assistants supported the merchant, the deputies the poor woman. As neither party had the support of a majority of both groups comprising the Court, the issue was deadlocked and led to the question of whether the assistants, though less numerous than the deputies, should not have a veto over actions of the people's representatives. Governor Winthrop vigorously upheld such a veto, saying that without it Massachusetts would become a mere democracy.

The freemen and their deputies, including Jacob Barney who was a deputy from Salem, bitterly fought this opinion. Before the year was over, however, it was decided that the General Court should be divided: the magistrates sitting by themselves and the deputies sitting by themselves. This establishment of a bicameral legislature was considered a victory for the assistants, who could veto measures passed by the deputies. In the long run it was a victory for the people who, through their representatives in the lower house, were ultimately able to dominate the rest of the colonial government. The split into two houses was inevitable anyway, but, as one historian has noted, this was the first time that pork got into American politics.

The following synopsis appears in dozens of genealogical compendia, county histories, etc.: Jacob Barney, freeman May 14, 1634, deputy to the General Court in 1635 and 1647; he opposed the sentence of the General Court against those who petitioned for freer franchise, which indicates he was more liberal in theology than were most of his contemporaries.

In the lower house of delegates to the General Court, which met May 26, 1647, it is recorded25 that In Salem, Henry Bartholomew was replaced by Jacob Barney, the only man in the May session to oppose the condemnation of the petitioners. This episode clearly reveals his courage, his independence, and liberality in politics, but has little to do with theology.

A Dr. Robert Child (a person Governor Winthrop regarded as the greatest pest of Massachusetts Bay since Anne Hutchinson was banished), and four or five others, presented a petition to the General Court for more privileges. For this the Doctor and his associates were sentenced to pay fines of from œ100 to œ200 each, and to either put up a bond or go to jail until the fine was paid. Dr. Child's question was of the Massachusetts Bay Charter -- a petition by the non-freemen of the colony to disestablish the Freeman idea. The disen-franchisement of the non-freemen had been a problem since the beginning of the colony, and was one of Roger Williams' arguments a decade earlier.

Underneath the record of the General Court vote to sentence Dr. Child and his associates is the following line: Jacob Barney contradicena to Ye sentence of Ye Courte.

About thirty-five Assistants and Deputies were present at this particular session of the General Court. Dr. Child and his colleagues were found guilty of the heinous crime of asking for permission to vote. When one fully realizes the autocratic power of the General Court, brooking no opposition, then one can understand that it took real courage for a man to cast a lonely vote against the verdict of the rest. Really, it's a wonder that Jacob Barney's name wasn't added to the list of those sentenced!

As one of the freemen, stockholders in the Massachusetts Bay Company, Jacob Barney was privileged to receive grants of land from the corporation. This land became quite valuable over time, and I am sure added significantly to Jacob Barney's wealth.

The earliest record I found regarding land grants is in the Original Record, Dec. 26, 1636 - July 12, 163726, in which it is noted that Jacob Barney had requested a grant of 60 acres. In December 1638 he was granted two parcels of land: 50 acres next to Goodman Leach; and another 10-acre parcel. On January 21, 1639/40 he was granted five acres of meadowland. On December 28, 1650 he was granted 50 acres next to Mr. Alford's farm27, but he apparently did not take it.

It appears, from the records, that the majority of Jacob Barney's land was in the extreme northeastern portion of Salem Village, in the area called Royal Side. Named after William Royal, one of the original grantees, the name was corrupted to Riall Side as early as 163828, and is called Rial Side to this day. The area is now located in the towns of Beverly and Danvers; the location of most of Jacob Barney's property is in Danvers. He also had at least one parcel of land near the center of town.

Jacob Barney's land was in that part of Rial Side near the head of the Frost Fish River where it is fed by Frost Fish Brook. On the small Frost Fish brook is Barney's Cove. There was a landing place at the head of Frost Fish River, on the south side of Conant Street. The road leading down to it, called the town highway that goeth toward ye landing place, was laid out two rods wide in 1671. It went through the land of Jacob Barney Sr., from whom the town of Salem bought it, together with his interest in the landing place.

An examination of the property sold by Jacob Barney Jr. when all the Barneys moved to Rehoboth in 1692 reveals most or all of the land holdings of Jacob Barney Sr., which are marked on the map. I have not done a particular study of how his land grants compare with the grants to other Salem reemen, but it appears that he was one of the dozen or so largest land owners in Salem. I believe his house was located just north of Leach's Hill, on Ye Country Road, now Conant St.

It is a difficult task to try to paint a picture of a man who died over 300 years ago, especially when the only sources are the public records. Only a few personal records exist from those who knew him, including his grandson's description of him which is found on page 292, saying he was dignified in manner, a hearty well-wisher to all men.

We must assume he was already relatively wealthy and well-connected when he arrived in Salem. Else he would not have been able to purchase shares in the corporation, which qualified him to be a freeman and to take an active part in the affairs of the town, church, and colony. His long record of public service indicates that he was intelligent and capable, as well as well-connected and well-liked.

There was, apparently, a fairly bitter and long-standing feud between Jacob Barney and his neighbor Richard Ingersoll, a non-freeman. The Barney-Ingersoll feud lasted until nearly 50 years after Richard Ingersoll's death, and 20 years after Jacob Barney's death.

By order of the town representatives on June 10, 1637, Mr. Ingersoll was given a parcel of land by the Frost Fish Brook next to Goodman Barney. His land was immediately north of Barney's land, and Mr. Ingersoll's house was located only a couple of hundred yards northwest of the landing place on Frost Fish River, on the south side of Ye Country Road.

On September 24, 1639 Richard Ingersoll brought suit against Jacob Barney in the General Court, saying that Barney had encroached upon his land. The case was decided in favor of Barney, and the court ordered that Barney's land be officially surveyed and staked.

A year later, at the General Court of September 29, 1640 Jacob Barney brought suit against Mr. Ingersoll for feeding cattle in his marsh. Again, Barney was the victor, and Ingersoll was ordered to deliver two loads of hay at the waterside as convenient as his own was.

Richard Ingersoll died in 1644, and his heirs sold the land to William Paine, a merchant of Boston. Mr. Payne sold the land to Jacob Barney, but did not give him a deed until July 26, 1657. The ownership by Mr. Barney was disputed by Ann, wife of John Knight, the widow of Richard Ingersoll, to whom Mr. Ingersoll had bequeathed the land in his will. She deeded the land to her sons John and Nathaniel Ingersoll on April 10, 1868, and they immediately demanded possession from Mr. Barney. He refused, claiming title under the deed from Mr. Paine, so they brought an action of trespass in the General Court of March 16, 1668/9. The depositions of 25 witnesses are preserved with a number of exhibits; also a bond with the autographs of Jacob Sr. and Jr. The jury returned a special verdict upon which the court found for the defendant, Jacob Barney. The case was appealed, but the Ingersolls finally released all claims to the land on February 16, 1691/2, long after Jacob Barney's death.

While serving on the Grand Jury in 1643, a William Pester was presented for being derelict in his military watch duties and being found at the Potter's house three nights very suspiciously, and common tippling. Jacob Barney produced witnesses to testify to Mr. Pester's forwardness to send for drink. Based on this testimony, Mr. Prester's case was forwarded to the Trial Jury where he was convicted of public drunkenness.

At the Court held in Salem on July 9, 1644, Hugh Laskin and his wife were charged with hard usage of his late servant in victuals and clothes. Jacob Barney testified that he heard the greater part of the servant's diet was course bread and whey; but Laskin denied it. Jacob Barney and others said that the boy's bed and clothing were not as should be, and that one time the boy did not eat until 11 o'clock and was growing thin. The Laskins were fined 40 shillings.

At the same court, Richard and Jonathan Leech were charged with concealing a pig for three months. Jacob Barney testified that the pig actually belonged to Jonathan Porter. The Leeches were fined 20 shillings each.

At the General Court held in Salem on July 9, 1647, Rafe Fogge was presented for speaking falsely and dealing corruptly, taking pay of diverse persons and demanding it again; and some having paid twice for one and the same thing, he demanded it the third time. Jacob Barney testified that Fogge was guilty of the charges, and that he also had forged a paper which, when confronted, he threw with indignation into the fire, swearing falsely that this paper was the one given him by Mr. Norrice. Fogge was convicted.

A petition, signed by 31 farmers of Salem, to the General Court at Boston, regarding the hardships of the military watch, was heard October 15, 1667 and favorably acted upon October 30, 1667. Among the signers were Jacob Barney Sr. and Jacob Barney Jr. One has to wonder about the wisdom of signing petitions to the General Court which questioned any of the government regulations, knowing the outcome of Dr. Child's petition 20 years earlier!

Of a more personal character is a deposition, sworn before Major William Hawthorne, assistant to the General Court on April 18, 1672 and read to the Court in Salem on June 25, 1672. I neglected to properly research what the matter was about, only that it concerned Jacob Barney's daughter Hannah, who married John Cromwell in 1656.

Jacob Barney Sr., aged about 71 years, deposed that Mr. Philip Cromwell, haveing declared to Mrs. Capt. George Corwin, his former wife, his desire of a marriage betweene his son John & my daughter Hannah, I beeing told of it by Mrs. Corwin, tooke occasion to goe to Mr. Phillip Cromwell's house to speake with him. He and his wife tooke me into a Inner roome, wheare he & his wife did declare to me both their willingness to have it bee, soe wee began to speake about the waye for theire comfortable liveing. Mr. Cromwell, haveing taken a cold in his head, his hearing was then very bad, soe Mrs. Cromwell began to speake to me. As I turned to Mr. Cromwell, expecting to have theire minds from him, he p'rceiving it, said that what soever his wife doth Ingage, he would make it good. Soe amongst other things she spake as followeth, vidz: that if they did marry, they should live with them, if they would and take theire diett with them. If they would not like to live with them they should live in one end of theire house & themselves at the other end of it. If they would not like to live soe, they should goe into the other house that was standing betweene theire house & Thomas Cromwell's house, & there I will furnish for them two rooms, withall necessaries soe as for theire ordinarye occasions they shall not need to borrow anything.

In 1668, though about 68 years old, Jacob Barney had, for some reason or other, been elected Constable of Salem against his wish. He refused to serve and his son Jacob Barney Jr. was chosen in his place. At a Generall Towne Meeting November 10, 1668 Jacob Barney Sen. fined 50 s. for Refusinge to serve in the place of Constable, beinge formerly legally chosen. Jacob Barney Jun. Chosen Constable in his Roome. At a meeting of selectmen November 30, 1668, It's Ordered that there shall be a warrant Issued forth by the Clerke for the Leviing of fifty shillings on the estate of Jacob Barney Sen. accordinge to what is voted by the towne for refusinge to serve as a Constable. At a General Town Meeting January 9, 1669, The fine of 50 s. is Remitted.

Beginning in 1771, Jacob Barney became engaged in a controversy with the town of Salem over the land which the town claimed for a highway to the landing place on Frost Fish River (see map on page 299). He felt he was never adequately compensated. The matter was not settled in his lifetime, but dragged on until 1677, four years after his death.

At a meeting of the selectmen on May 27, 1671, It's Ordrd that there shall be a High Way Laid out from the Country Way that Cometh Downe to the head of Frost Fish Brooke into Jacob Barny Senrs Land, to goe to his barrs and soe downe to the river, it being the Same way that hath been to Cart to the River, the which way is to be laid out two Rodd wide untill it Cometh within four rodd of the river, and soe to be four rodd from high watter mark which is to be soe from the watter takeing in both the poynts where wood is usually laid and the Cove between them.

The surveyors reported back on March 12, 1671, that the highway was laid out at Frost Fish River from the Road way into Jacob Barneys Ground ..., marked by a wallnutt tree and a stake & soe downe to the watter side & from high water mark four pole Into the upland Lying between two points of Land.

The matter of compensation to Jacob Barney was raised the following week. At a General Town Meeting on March 22, 1671/2, It's left to the Selectmen to Give unto Jacob Barney senr. for a highway which the Towne had Layd out through his land. About a year later, at a meeting of the selectmen on At a meeting of the selectmen on March 18, 1672, Jacob Barney and two others were appointed to Estimate the high way that was layd out through Jacob Barnys land Nigh Frost Fish River, and it is also left to them to Judge which is best to have barrs through his fence or a Gate, and they are to make a returne to the Select men that soe the Sd Barny may have Satisfaction for his land.

Apparently he was not satisfied with the recommended compensation, because in 1673 it was again left to the selectmen to give satisfaction for the highway across his land. Four years later (and four years after Jacob Barney's death) at a meeting of the selectmen on November 5, 1677, it was voted that those persons formerly appointed ... shall take a View of Ye highway Laid out through Jacob Barnies Land, & make him Just satisfaction.

Jacob Barney died at Salem on April 28, 1673 and is buried there. An entry in the town history, dated June 24, 1673, states: Mr. Jacob Barney had died recently, age 73. He became Freeman 1634, and a member of the church here, about the same time. He had a grant of land 1636. He was often Selectman, and Deputy to General Court. He was an intelligent merchant. He left a wife, Elizabeth, and children, Jacob, and a daughter, married to John Cromwell. The loss of such men as Mr. Barney is not easily supplied.

For a fairly comprehensive discussion of Jacob Barney's will and estate, and the complete list of his children, see Eugene D. Preston's Genealogy of the Barney Family in America, pp. 2-4.

Footnotes.

1. Note: As mentioned on p.4 of NL 43, some Jacob Barney married, Jan. 16, 1626 in Epping, Essex, to Hannah Stace. Their daughter, Ann, was Christened there January 5, 1627. Could a 10-year-old Ann Barney have been listed as a member of the First Church of Salem in 1637? Or could Ann Barney of Salem have been the Ann Barnie, age 23, a passenger for Virginia, who took the oath of allegiance on June 20, 1635 at Gravesend, England? (The Pilgrims who landed at Plymouth Rock in 1620 were also bound for Virginia). Just a couple of thoughts, to point out that there are other alternatives to explore, beyond what the "Experts" say must be so.

2. Note: Only 4,000 out of about 16,000 who emigrated to England during 1629-1640 ever became members of the New England churches. As we descend the scale of religious fanaticism, "the religious incentives narrow and disappear, as does also the desire for honorable public service, and the economic factor alone remains." [James E. Ernst, Roger Williams, New England Firebrand; New York: The MacMillan Co., 1932].

3. Thomas Hutchinson, The History of the Colony and Province of Massachusetts-Bay, Vol. I, Ed. by Lfawrence S. Mayo; Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1936.

4. Charles H. Pope, Pioneers of Massachusetts; Boston: Charles H. Pope, 1900.

5. Frederick A. Virkus, Compendium of American Genealogy; First Families of America; Chicago: F. A. Virkus & Co., 1925.

6. Charles E. Banks, The Planters of the Commonwealth, Appendix 10; Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1930.

7. Charles E. Banks, The Winthrop Fleet of 1630; Baltimore: Genealogical Pub. Co., 1961.

8. Sidney Perley, History of Salem, Massachusetts, 1:283.

9. "The Essex Antiquarian," Vol. 8, p.73; Salem: The Essex Antiquarian, 1.

10. Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, Ed., Records of the Governor and Company of the Massachusetts Bay in New England, Vol. I; Boston: William White Press, 1853.

11. Oscar T. Barck Jr., Colonial America; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1976.

12. The Encyclopaedia Britannica, Micropaedia, Vol. 4; Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., 1979.

13. James D. Phillips, Salem in the Seventeenth Century; Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1933.

14. Other references estimate that as many as 80 new freemen were admitted at the General Court on May 14, 1634, and that by 1650 there were 300 or so freemen in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

15. Joseph B. Felt, Annals of Salem, Vol. I; Salem: W & S.B. Ives, 1845.

16. J. F. Jameson, Ed., Winthrop's Journal; New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1908.

17. James E. Ernst, Roger Williams, New England Firebrand; op. cit.

18. J. F. Jameson, Ed., Winthrop's Journal; op. cit.

19. J. F. Jameson, Ed., Winthrop's Journal; op. cit.

20. Samuel G. Drake, The History and Antiquities of Boston; Boston: Luther Stevens, 1856.

21. Verbatim minutes of Salem town meetings, transcripts of letters, petitions, etc., in Essex Institute, "Historical Collections;" Salem: Essex Institute Press, 1858 --. Sidney Perley, Ed., "The Essex Antiquarian;" Salem: The Essex Antiquarian, 1896 --.

22. James D. Phillips, Salem in the Seventeenth Century; op. cit.

23. Joseph B. Felt, Annals of Salem; op. cit.

24. Oscar T. Barck Jr. Colonial America; op. cit.

25. Wall, Massachusetts, The Crucial Decade. [F67.W17]

26. Essex Institute, "Historical Collections," Vol. IX; Salem: Essex Institute Press, 1869.

27. There were probably more grants of land, with more precise locations, contained in various Salem records which I haven't examined closely enough.

28. Essex Institute, "Historical Collections," Vol. LV; Salem: Essex Institute Press, 1919.

29. Joseph B. Felt, Annals of Salem, Vol. 1; op. cit.

GEDCOM Source

New England Families, Genealogical and Memorial, Vol. 3 William Richard Cutter, New England Families, Genealogical and Memorial, Vol. 3 William Richard Cutter, New England Families, Genealogical and Memorial, Vol. 3 William Richard Cutter. New England Families, Genealogical and Memorial, Vol. 3. Published by the Lewis Historical Publishing Company. New York. 1913 0 Footnote William Richard Cutter, New England Families, Genealogical and Memorial, Vol. 3 ShortFootnote William Richard Cutter, New England Families, Genealogical and Memorial, Vol. 3 Bibliography William Richard Cutter. New England Families, Genealogical and Memorial, Vol. 3.

GEDCOM Source

1295 Page 1295 Edward Barney, yeoman, of Braddenham, Buckinghamshire, England, died about 1643, and in his will, dated October 9, 1643, he bequeathed to his son, Jacob Barney, "if he be living at time of my death and come over to England." It is believed that Edward married Esabel Rooles, daughter of John.

Jacob Barney, son of Edward Barney, was the immigrant ancestor, coming from Braddenham, England. He settled at Salem, Massachusetts, before May 14, 1634, when he was admitted a freeman by the general court. He became a prominent citizen; was deputy to he general court in 1635-36-47-53; was also selectman. He opposed the sentence of the general court against those who petitioned for freer franchise. Felt said: "The loss of such men as Mr. Barney is not easily supplied."

Ann, his wife, was a member of the Salem church in 1637. He died at Salem, April 28, 1673.

GEDCOM Source

A Porter Pedigree Juliet Porter, A Porter Pedigree Juliet Porter, A Porter Pedigree Juliet Porter. A Porter Pedigree. 1907 0 Footnote Juliet Porter, A Porter Pedigree ShortFootnote Juliet Porter, A Porter Pedigree Bibliography Juliet Porter. A Porter Pedigree.

GEDCOM Source

73 Page 73 Born in England about 1600; died in Salem, 28 April 1673. Married Elizabeth, who survived him.

Jacob Barney came to America in 1634 and settled in Salem, where he carried on the business of a tailor. He was a large land holder, and served the community in various ways. He was many times trial and grand juror, often selectman, and several times elected to the General Court. He had the courage to oppose the General Court which had decided against a freer franchise. Felt calls him "an intelligent citizen," and says the loss of such men as Mr. Barney is not easily supplied.

In the settlement of his estate, mention is made of the widow Elizabeth, his "only son Jacob," "our son and our daughter John Grover and Hannah Grover" as well as Sarah and Abigail Grover, and his son-in-law John Cromwell is called an heir. The inventory covers two finely written pages, and all the papers are in a good state of preservation.

GEDCOM Source

[R. A. Schauweker] [R. A. Schauweker] [R. A. Schauweker] [R. A. Schauweker]. 0 Footnote [R. A. Schauweker] ShortFootnote [R. A. Schauweker] Bibliography [R. A. Schauweker].

GEDCOM Source

Page Qualifying ancestor: Winthrop Society.

Probably the son of Edward and Christian Barney of Bradenham, Buckinghamshire. However, proof-positive has not been discovered.

Barney Family Newsletter #43
William C. Barney

All researchers for the past 180 years, both professional and amateur, have concluded that Edward barney, Yeoman, of the village of Bradenham, Buckinghamshire, England is the father of Jacob Barney of Salem, Massachusetts, the English emigrant and founder of the largest Barney family in America. The evidence upon which this conclusion is based is the following item in his Will [dated Oct. 9, 1743]: "Item, I give & bequeath unto my sonne Jacob Barney the summe of ten pounds of lawfull money of England (if hee bee livinge at the time of my death and doe come over into England and personally demand the same.)"

Bradenham is a very small village and parish in the Desborough Hundred, Buckinghamshire. In 1796 it contained about 1250 acres and about 200 inhabitants. I have two copies of two leases by which Edward Barney was granted leases by Sir Thomas Lord Windsor; the first dated July 30, 1635 and the second dated December 20, 1635. The fact that Edward Barney leased farmlands and buildings from Lord Windsor does not imply that he was a tenant-farmer; rather, he was a landowner (a fairly wealthy one) and he leased lands in order to increase his overall agricultural holdings.

Beyond the quaint writing style and spelling, there are several important considerations in these documents. The detail of a simple lease is astonishing, the words having been very carefully chosen to convey precise and exact legal meanings. A great deal of importance was attached to the use of the forests; these woodlands were always cherished and held to be of great value by their owners. Also, there are strong religious ties throughout the documents; even the days that the semi-annual rents were due were specified as two major religious holidays: "The Ffeast of St. Michaell The Archangell, and The Annunciacion of our Blessed Lady St. Mary the Virgin." One point of major significance is the fact that these contracts were binding on the heirs of Lord Windsor and Edward Barney, as well as on themselves. The documents therefore ensured that Edward Barney's leasehold lands, which he held by the same laws governing the manorial right of Tenancy, would be properly inherited by his designated heirs.

We surmise that Edward Barney was born about 1570 since the earliest record concerning him is the christening of a son William on 23 Jan 1600. We also know that his wife's name was Christian because the parish record of 1639 records "Christian the wife of Edw. Barney was Buried the 9th Day of March." The Bradenham parish records also contain the christening of Edward Barney's son Thomas on 18 July 1609 and the burial of this child in Nov. 1609. On 25 Sept. 1627 a John Barney was married in Bradenham to Katherine Davy; this John is likely a son of our Edward. On 20 July 1628 Anne Barney and Francis Loveday were married in Bradenham; we know that Anne was the daughter of Edward because she is mentioned in his will. Another daughter, Katherine, wife of John Dorvall, is also mentioned in Edward's will; and a son Jacob is mentioned, "if he be living and come over to England." Finally, we find the record that "Edward Barney was Buried the Eighteenth Day of August Ano Domini 1645."

Genealogical Gleanings in England. Vol. II. Henry Fitz-Gilbert Waters

Edward Barney of Bradenham, Bucks, yeoman. 13 April 1643, with a codicil bearing date 9 October 1643, proved 25 October 1645.

I give and bequeath unto my daughter Agnes Loveday, now wife of Francis Loveday, one silver bowl and six silver spoons, to have the use of them during her life, and after her decease to her daughter Hanna Loveday. Other household stuff to daughter Agnes. To son Francis Loveday a piece of gold of twenty shillings, and to his six children, Robert, Hanna, Mary, Joane, William and Thomas Loveday, my grandchildren, ten pounds each, to be paid into the hands of my overseers for their benefit until they attain to their several ages of one and twenty years or days of marriage.

To my daughter Katherine Dorvall, now wife to John Dorvall, a silver bowl, a silver salt and six silver spoons, to have the use of them during her natural life, and after her decease to remain to her daughter Sarah Dorvall. To my grandchildren, the six children of my said son John Dorvall, viz. John, Edward, Symon, Sara, Mary, and Christian Dorvall, ten pounds each (as above). Other bequests to two daughters Agnes Loveday and Katherine Dorvall.

Item, I give and bequeath unto my son Jacob Barney the sum of ten pounds of lawful money of England (if he be living at the time of my death and do come over into England and personally demand the same).

To the poor people of Braddenham five pounds. The residue to my said son in law John Dorvall whom I make full and sole executor and I do entreat my loving friends John Penny of Little Marlowe, gentleman, Thomas Chandler of Hugenden, gen., and William Davenport of Chopping Wicombe, yeoman, to be overseers of this my last will and I do give unto each of them five shillings as a pledge of my love to them, desiring their best assistance to see my will herein performed.

[I have no doubt that the Jacob Barney above referred to as out of England was our Jacob Barney the elder of Salem from whom are descended the well known family long settled in Swansey, the Barneys of Rhode Island and of New York. -- H.F.W.]

Last Will and Testament

In the name of God Amen. I Edward Barney of Braddenham in the County of Bucks, Yeoman, beinge infirme in body but of a good and perfect memory Thankes bee given unto almighty god, and knowinge the Frailty of mans life that hee is borne to dy, And that there is but one way to bee borne but many wayes to dy. Doe therefore make and declare this my last will and testament in manner followinge, that is to Say, Ffirst I command and comitt my Soule into the hands of my Lord god and creator, trustinge onely in the merritts of my Savioure Jesus Christ to have Salvation and do Sitt at his right hand who makes intercession for me. And for my body I comitt it to the earth from whence it came to be decently buryed Accordinge to the discretion of my executor hereafter named, noething doubtinge but at the great day of the generall resurrection when wee shall all appear at the Judgment Seate of Christ, I shall receave the Same againe by the mighty power of god, whereby hee is able to Subdue all thinges unto him Selfe, not a Corruptible mortall weake and vile body as now it is but an Incorruptible mortall, Stronge and perfect body in all pointes like The glorious body of my lord & Saviour Jesus Christ, And as for Such goods, cattelle, chattells and other Transitoryes Substance as god of his great goodness hath endued mee withall, I give, bequeath and dispose of as followeth.

Vize: First I give and bequeath unto my daughter Agnes Loveday, now wife to Ffrancis Loveday, one Silver boll and Six Silver Spoones to have the use of them Duringe her life And after her Decease to remaine to her Daughter Lyanna Loveday. Also I give unto my said daughter Agnes one feather bed, two blanketts, one blew rugge with the bedstead and furniture to the same bed belonginge beinge in the chamber where the folkes doe lye, and also my little brasse pott, my third best kettle, one postnett, two paire of sheets whereof one flaxen and the other Dorcloth.

Item: I give and bequeath unto my sone Ffrancis Loveday one peece of gould of Twentye Shillings. Item: I give and bequeath Unto the six children of my Said Sone Ffrancis Loveday, Vize - Robert, Lyanna, Mary, Joan, William and Thomas Loveday, my grandchildren, unto each of them tenn pounds a peece of Lawfull money of England to bee paid into the hands of my Overseers here after named within one yeare next after my decease to thence my Said Overseers Should putt forth and dispose of the Same ten pounds a peece to the best benifitt they cann for the Severall Uses of my said six grandchildren Untill they shall Severally attaine to theire Severall ages of one and twenty yeares or dayes of marriage which of them shall first and next happen. And my will is that if either of my Said Grandchildren doe dye before such time as his, her or theire parte shall happen to become due, That then his, her or theire parte or porcion with the benifitt thereof Soe dyinge shall name to him, her or them Survivinge to bee paid unto them in manner aforesaid.

Item: I give and bequeath unto my daughter Katherine Dorvall, now wiffe to John Dorvall one Silver boll, one Silver salt and Six Silver Spoones to have the use of the duringe her naturall life, And after her decease to remaine to her daughter Sarah Dorvall. Item: I give and bequeath unto the Six children of my Said Sonne John Dorvall, being my Grandchildren, Vize: John, Edward, Symon, Sara, Mary and Christian Dorvall, Unto each of them tenn pounds a peece of lawfull money of England to bee paid into the hands of my Said Overseers within one yeare next after my decease, to them my Said Overseers should putt forth and dispose of the Same for the best advantage they can for the Severall Uses of my Said last Six named Grandchildren untill they shall Severally attaine to their lawfull ages of one and twentye yeares or Dayes of marriage which of them shall first and next happen. And my will is that in case either or any of my Said last named Grandchildren Shall Dy before such time as his, her or the ire parte shall become Due, to bee paid as aforesaid, That then his, her or theire parte Soe dyinge with the benifitt thereof Shall come to him, her or them Surviving to bee paid in manner as aforesaid.

Item: I give & bequeath unto each of my Said two Daughters, Agnes Loveday and Katherine Dorvall, the sum me of Twenty pounds a peece of lawfull money of England to bee Imployed & bestowed by my Overseers to such safe intent and purpose as my Said Daughters shall Severally Bennefitt, And in case either of my Said Daughters Doe Departe this mort all life before They or either of them Doe dispose of the Said Severall twenty pounds Soe given unto them as aforesaid, That then my will and meaninge is that my Said Overseers shall dispose of the Same for the best Use and benifitt They can for such her or their children as shall bee living at their Severall ages of one and twenty yeares or Dayes of marriage as aforesaid, equally to bee divided betwixt.

And further my will and meaninge is that neither of my Said Sones, Ffrancis Loveday or John Dorvall shall have anything to doo or meddle with the Said Summe of twenty pounds a peece or any parte Thereof, Soe formally by mee herein given unto their Severall wives. Item: I give & bequeath unto mv Sone Jacob Barnev the summe of ten Pounds of lawfull monev of England (if he bee living at the time of my death And doe come over into England and Personallv demand the Same.)

Item: I give and bequeath unto the poore people of Braddenham The Summe of five pounds of lawfull money of England to be payd into the hands of the Church wardens and Overseers of the poore of Bradenham aforesaid within one month next after my decease to be equally dystributed by them unto such of the most indigent and poore people Here accordinge to their discretion. And as for the rest and residue of all and singular my goods, cattells, chattells, Leases and household affects whatsoever not herein before given, my debtes beinge paid, funerall expenses discharged and this my last will and Testament in all thinges fulfilled, I wholly give and bequeath unto my Said Sonne in Law, John Dorvall whom I make my full and whole Executor of this my last will and testament. And I doe intreate my loveinge friends John Penny of Little Marlowe, gentleman, Thomas Chandler of Luyenden, yeaster, and William Davenport of Cheppinge Wicombe, yeoman, to bee Overseers of this my last will, And I doe give unto each of them five Shillinges as a pledge of my love unto them, Desiringe theire last assistance too see my will herein performed. And I doe hereby revoake and make void all other former wills by me made whatsoever.

In witness whereof I The Saide Edward Barney have hereunto Sett my hand and Seale this Thirteenth day of Aprill Ano Domini 1643 And in the ninteenth yeare of the Raigne of our Soveraigne Lord Charles by the grace of god of England, Scotland, Ffrance & Ireland, Kinge, Defender of the faith etc. The marke of Edward Barney, Sealed, Signed, published & declared as my last will and Testamente In the personne. The marke of John Dorvall, Son & marke of Edward Warwick, William Davenport.

1 Octobris 1643 Memorand. My further will is that in case my executor bee plundred in his estate or shall not bee able to gett or recoup my debtes due unto mee by Specialty and shall be thereby disabled in his estate, That then my meaninge and desire is that there shall be such a due porcion defaulted out of the severall legacyes by me, Soe formerly given as my executor shall be disabled or not received, and this to bee parte of my Sayd will and accordinge to the disposition of my Said Overseers. The marke of Edward Barney & Thomas Chandler, William Davenport.

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GEDCOM Note

Category:Puritan Great Migration Project Needs Biography

Bibliography

According to the following source, Jacob Barney was from Salem and became a freeman on 5/14/1634, had a son named John, baptised on 12/15/1639, was a representative in 1635, 1638, 1647 and 1653, and died in 1673 at the age of 72: A Genealogical dictionary of the first settlers of New England showing 3 generations of those who came before May 1662 on the basis of Farmer's Register by Savage, James: https://archive.org/details/agenealogicaldi00unkngoog/page/n142 There appears to be a previous marriage. Jacob Barney I may have married Anne Unknown and had a couple of kids. Anne Unknown was born about 1605 in England and died about 1634 of Salem, Essex, MA. When Ann Unknown died, Jacob Barney I remarried. Jacob Barney II is a result ofthe 1st marriage to Ann Unknown. The following Pedigree file suggests that Elizabeth and Ann are the same person: "Pedigree Resource File," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/2:2:935P-24R : accessed 7 December 2018), entry for Experience Simmons; file (2:2:2:MM9R-7WJ), submitted 8 June 2000. NOTE; Brudges said Jacob came from Swansea, Wales because she was going by the record that the ship "the Lyon" sailed from Swansea, Wales.It has never been proven that Jacob was on the Lyon and furthermore the port sailed from in no way indicates where the passengers were from. The Barney Family Association has accepted Edward Barney as the father of Jacob and the records at Aylsbury and of St. Botolphs in Bradenham state clearly that Edwards wife was named Christian. I have personally been there and seen them. This has been researched for over a hundred years and my grandfather Royal Barney had the family genealogy that included Edward long before the Barney Family Association named him.I personally found the record for Edwards daughter Katherine in Horton, Oxfordshire over three years ago which named both parents and notified Cliff at the BFA. It was the first new evidence that we have foundin quite some time so it is likely that other family records will be found. recent DNA studies seem to be supporting this as well.Conway-376

Disputed Parentage

Robert Charles Anderson (Great Migration Begins, p. 106-107) writes::"In his will of 13 April 1653, Edward Barney of Braddenham, Buckhinghamshire, bequeathed L10 to his son Jacob Barney 'if he be living at the time of my death and do come over to England and personally demand the same' [Waters 1241]. Many writers on the Barney family have taken this as satisfactory evidence of the English origin of Jacob Barney of Salem [e.g., Stevens-Miller 281-82], but the proof is inadequate in more than one respect. First, the will says only that Jacob Barney is not in England, and not that he is in Salem, or even in New England. Second, the parish register of Bradenham exists from 1627,so there is at least the chance that the marriage of Jacob Barney, and the baptisms of a child or two, might be found there, but there is no evidence that anyone has ever searched. Furthermore, recent researchin the parish records of Epping, Essex, has serendipitously turned upthe following entries:
:
:* Jacob Barney and Hanna Stace married 16 January 1626/7:* An the daughter of Jacob Barney and Hanna his wife baptized 5 January 1627/8:* Jacob Barne the son of Jacob Barne and Anna his wife, baptized October 25, 1629 ::"These three records are at least compatible with what we know of theSalem family, and provide a candidate at least as good as the Jacob Barney of Buckinghamshire. Further research in both Bradenham and Epping should be undertaken before any more positive position is taken on the origin of Jacob Barney of Salem." The following was posted to a question asked by Carol Collings on WikiTree.com's G2G web site abt. January, 2017: What would you like to know? As far as we can tell, Jacob is the son of Edward Barney and Christian/Isbell/Isabell/Isobel ROOLE of Bradenham, Buckinghamshire, England. There are several researchers that believethey have found a full tree spanning back to the 13th century, but other researchers aren't quite so convinced. Jacob was born on 21 May 1601 in Bradenham and came over from England in the early 1630's with his first wife Anna and their child Jacob, Jr. He was a Puritan by religion and a tailor by trade, but he was deeply involved in the community and had other duties. After his first wife passed, he married again in Salem, Massachusetts to Elizabeth Anna CATESBY, his second wife. He had at least four additional children: Hannah CROMWELL, Sarah GROVER, John and Thomas. On 14 May 1634 he was admitted to the Massachusetts Bay Colony as a Freeman. He was active in the Boston community and served on the first grand jury in North America. Thanks to Sidney Perley's History of SalemMassachusetts, we have his signature (page 283).

http://www.barneyfamily.org/docs/article_05.php answered Apr 5, 2017 by Peter Barney A Centennial Memorial History of Allegany County, NY, 1896 says that Jacob Barney landed in Salem on May 14, 1634. According to Helen Brundage Fisher: Came from Swansea, Wales, to Salem, Mass. about 1630. He was made a freeman 5/14/1634 and represented Salem in the General Court in 1635, 1638, 1647, and1655. He was an intelligent man, and often served as selectman, deputy to the General Court, etc. He opposed the sentence of the General Court against those who petitioned for freer franchise. He was a tailor. He died in Salem, 4/28/1673 at the age of 73 year. Popes "Pioneers of Massachusetts" says that an Anna Barney was a member of the church at Salem, in 1637, and queries whether she was Jacob'swife; but in the settlement of his estate, Sept. 30, 1673, the relict, Elizabeth is called the mother of Jacob, only son of the deceased, and he is called her son. As he was born in England before 1634, Anna could not have been the wife of his father in 1637. There is little doubt that Jacob Barney of Bradenham, County of Bucks, England, yeoman,who bequeathed in his will of Oct. 9, 1643, to "son Jacob Barney, if he is living at the time of my death and come over into England." Edward's wife may have been Isabel Rooles, daughter of John Rooles of Turfile, County of Bucks, England.

His children were:

1. Jacob
2. Sarah m. John Grover; d. 11/1662
3. John bapt. 12/13/1639
4. Hannah, m John Cromwell; d. 9/1700 A Centennial Memorial History of Allegany County, NY, 1896 says that he landed in Salem on May 14, 1634.
5. 1. The Family History of Helen Brundage Fisher on Her Mother's Side, Angeline Maude Barney. Also, Helen obtained the information from the History of Swansee, Family Records, page 143.
6. 2. A Centennial Memorial History of Allegany County, NY, 1896. NOTE, there is NO evidence that Isobel Rooles was married to Edward Barney, many who have been to Aylesbury to look at the records (including myself) have found Christian listed as Edwards wife. They didn't have middle names in the 1500's and I have seen numerous family trees that have her listed as Christian Isobel Barney to try to tie them together. If he (Edward) was married to her at one time she would have to have been his first wife in which case she would have been about 8 yrsold!! I found the christening record for Katherine Barney their daughter in Oxfordshire and it lists both Edwarde and Christian as her parents, also it is Christian that is buried at St. Botolphs with Edward. Collings-376

Sources

• 1..."Many Barney researchers have concluded, I think

erroneously, that Edward Barney’s wife was Isbell
(Rooles). The basis for their [false] conclusion is an unfortunate coincidence in a major published work, Genealogical Gleanings in England by H. F. Waters [published serially in the New England Historic Genealogical Society Register in October 1896; published in book form by the New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, in 1901]. Waters’ work included an abstract of Edward Barney’s will [followed by the comment, “I have no doubt that the Jacob Barney referred to as ‘out of England’ was our Jacob Barney the elder of Salem.” On the same page is an abstract of the will of John Rooles of Turville, Yeoman, dated 13 Dec 1586 [Turville is another town in Buckinghamshire]. John Rooles’ will leaves a bequest to his “Daughter Isbell Barney.” Now, I believe in forming opinions as well as the next person, but to conclude that Isbell Rooles must have been married to our Edward Barney is ridiculous. There were, literally, thousands of Barneys in England by 1586, at which time there were several Barney families in Buckinghamshire. Certainly Isbell Rooles was married to one of them, but not necessarily to Edward. If Edward Barney had been already married to Isbell Rooles in 1586, then his presumed birth date must be placed at about 1560 and we must presume that Christian (_____) was his second wife. Even more absurd is the conclusion of other researchers that Isbell Rooles was the wife of Jacob Barney of Salem, Massachusetts. It is obvious that Jacob Barney who died 28 Apr 1673, aged 72, would not have been born yet at the time John Rooles dated his will in 1586." 1*<ref>The Barney Family News --- No. 102 Summer 2004 402</ref> NOTE: In Jacob Barney Sr.'s will it clearly states that Elizabeth isJacob Barney's Step Mother

SETTLEMENT OF THE ESTATE OF JACOB BARNEY 28th, 4th month 1673. WHEREAS Jacob Barney of Salem, Ye only son of Yesaid Jacob, with John Cromwell, son-in-law to Ye said deceased, presented and inventory of Yeestate of Ye aforesaid deceased, to the court now holden at Salem, desiring the said Court to settle Ye aforesaid estate but Ye Court finding differently about it, referred it to Ye nextCourt, granting only administration to Ye son and widow: The said Court saith, viz: Jacob Barney, Elizabeth Barney, relict of Yeaforesaid Barney deceased, together with John Crowmwell his son-in-law, being desirous to put finish to the matter, have jointly agreed as followeth: 1) That the widow shall have one end of Ye dwelling house, wither at her own choice, for her use during her life. 2)That her son Jacob, (actually Jacob 2nd her stepson), shall give her sufficient fire wood at home at her house. 3) He shall furnish his said mother with sufficient winter meats or fodder for two cows one yeare and foursheep at corner, or also summer pasture for them, without any cost toher. 4) She shall have liberty of breeding one calf or two, and one lamb or two yearly, if she see cause so to do, always provided that fortheir winter meat she shall take care for that at her own cost. 5) Shee shall have her choice of five apple trees and one pear tree with the privilege of a garden plat, already fenced in. 6) That the above mentioned Jacob shall pay her three pounds and five shillings pr annum, in Indian corn and pork by equal portion. 7) It is further agreed that in case the said widow shall see cause to remove, the aforesaid Jacob Barney doe agree to pay her five pounds ten shillings per yeare, in such corn as groweth upon the land, and pork by equal portions, the one-half of the first pay within half a yeare after her removal, and the other half at the end of Ye yeare, all which payments to be made at thesaid Jacob Barney's house. 8) Its agreed that Jacob Barney shall haveall the lands and meadows in the above mentioned inventory, with the house, to him and his heirs forever, except that small hill in Ye towne of Salem. 9) That John Cromwell shall have the land, it being in estimation 68 rods more or less, as expressed in the inventory, together with all the moveable goods and chatles, with one-half of the debts and thirty and three shillings in moneys, and what may or ought to be added to the inventory by the administrators, except his father in laws best suit of apparel and bible, with cloth to make another suit, whichthings excepted, Jacob Barney is to have, with seven bushels of corn and thirty-five shillings in moneys. 10) That whereas Jacob Barney stands engaged to pay for the widows cattle, and no provision made when she is to have them, John Cromwell doth engage to accommodate his said mother and two cows, four sheep and one horse, and two swine for her use, out of the present stock, always provided unless she shall return them to John Cromwell before her death, her heirs exctrs. administrators, shall stand bound to make them good after her death, to said Cromwell, his heirs or executors; but in case Ye widow shall tender Ye saidstock at any time between May days and Micklmas, the said Cromwell shall not take them over where it shall be in his liberty; and whereas Jacob Barney is particularly engaged to make payments to his mother it is to be understood, that the said Jacob binds himself, heirs, Executrs, administrators, assignees, to the performance of the engagement, bypaying her or her assignees at the time and place express and in the species mentioned; further, whereas Jacob Barney, his sister dyed and left one son and three daughters, to wit: John Grover, Hanah Grover, Sarah Grover, and Abigail Grover, their said brothers Jacob Barney and John Cromwell doe promise to pay to the children as followeth, to wit:Jacob doth promise to pay to John Grover five pounds at the age of 21years, and to Hanah 15 pounds and to Abigail 15 pounds; and John Cromwell doth pay to the children: John Grover five pounds also, and to Sarah Grover 10 pounds when they come of age, and in confirmation of theaforementioned articles of agreement, and ever pt. (part) of it, the pties (parties) aforesaid have set their hands.

Jacob Barney

Elizabeth Barney (x) her mark

John Cromwell

John Grover

Subscribed to in the presence of

Hair Lultt

Tho. Ffiske The inventory of Jacob Barney's estate is long and amounts to over 600pounds, 3 shillings, 8 pennies

References

• 2 "The Genealogy of the Barney Family in America", by Eugene Dimon Preston and edited by William Clifford Barney, published by The Barney Family Historical Association, 7361 Silver Pine Drive, Springfield, VA 22153, 1990, Library of Congress #90-84321
• Although this record is for Joseph Barney, it is actually for Jacob Barney when you look at the raw document: "Massachusetts, Town Clerk, Vital and Town Records, 1626-2001," database with images, FamilySearch(https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QG1K-419M : 29 November 2018), Joseph Barney, 9 Mar 1673; citing Birth, Salem, Essex, Massachusetts, United States, , town clerk offices, Massachusetts; FHL microfilm .
• The Family History of Helen Brundage Fisher on Her Mother's Side, Angeline Maude Barney compiled by Helen Brundage Fisher. Also, Fisher and Brundage for Tova A. F. This is a document that contains a section entitled 7 Great Grandparents containing the information mentioned above.
• "Pedigree Resource File," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/2:2:3NG4-TLZ : accessed 4 November 2018), entry for Ira B Barney, cites sources; "Lyons/Harding Family Tree" file (2:2:2:MM6Z-9YC), submitted 3 April 2018 by smlyons77 [identity withheld for privacy].
• "Pedigree Resource File," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/2:2:37BC-S88 : accessed 4 November 2018), entry for Daniel /Barney/; file (2:2:2:MMD6-FCC), submitted 12 February 2015.
• A Genealogical dictionary of the first settlers of New England showing 3 generations of those who came before May 1962 on the basis of Farmer's Register by Savage, James: https://archive.org/details/agenealogicaldi00unkngoog/page/n142

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https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Barney-333
Jacob Barney I (abt. 1601 - 1673)

Jacob Barney I
Born about 1601 in Englandmap
Son of Edward Barney [uncertain] and Christian (Unknown) Barney [uncertain]
Brother of William Barney, Agnes (Barney) Loveday, John Barney and Thomas Barney
Husband of Anne (Unknown) Barney — married before 1638 [location unknown]
Husband of Elizabeth (Catesby) Barney — married after 1639 in Salem, Massachusetts Bay Colonymap [uncertain]
DESCENDANTS descendants
Father of Jacob Barney II, Hannah (Barney) Cromwell, Sarah (Barney) Grover and John Barney
Died 28 Apr 1673 at about age 72 in Salem, Essex, Massachusetts Bay Colonymap
PROBLEMS/QUESTIONSProfile manager: Puritan Great Migration Project WikiTree private message [send private message]
Profile last modified 20 May 2023 | Created 29 May 2011
This page has been accessed 6,047 times.
The Puritan Great Migration.
Jacob Barney I migrated to New England during the Puritan Great Migration (1621-1640). (See Great Migration Begins, by R. C. Anderson, Vol. 1, p. 104)
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Contents

[hide]
1 Disputed
2 Biography
2.1 Marriage
2.2 Colonial Life
2.3 Children
2.4 Death
2.5 Estate
3 Research Notes
4 Sources
Disputed

According to The Great Migration Begins, Jacob's origin is unknown.

Was Jacob the son of

Edward Barney of Braddenham, Buckhinghamshire, England, or
was he the Jacob Barney [with Hanna Stace] of Epping, Essex, England?
Anderson[1] presents evidence but does not reach a conclusion:

In his will of 13 April 1643, Edward Barney of Braddenham, Buckhinghamshire, bequeathed ten pounds to his son Jacob Barney ...if he do come over to England. H