Nebuchadnezzar II, king of Babylon

Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon

• Prefix: King
• Given Name: Nebuchadnezzar II
• Surname: of Babylon
• Nickname: The Great
• Sex: M
• Father: Nabopolassar of the Chaldean
• Marriage: Amytis of Medea
• Marriage: Nitokkris of Egypt
• Sons: Nabû-šuma-ukîn (=Amel-Marduk), Eanna-arra-usur, Marduk-šuma-usur, Marduk-nâdin-ahi, Mušêzib-Marduk, Marduk-nâdin-šumi
• Daughters: Kasšaya (married to Neriglissar), perhaps Nitocris (married to Nabonidus), Innin-etirat, Ba'u-asitu

Nebuchadnezzar II (reigned 605-562 bc), greatest king of the neo-Babylonian, or Chaldean, dynasty, who conquered much of southwestern Asia; known also for his extensive building in the major cities of Babylonia.

The eldest son of Nabopolassar, Nebuchadnezzar commanded a Babylonian army late in his father's reign and in 605 bc triumphed over Egyptian forces at the decisive Battle of Carchemish in Syria, which made Babylonia the primary military power in the Middle East. After his father's death, Nebuchadnezzar returned to Babylon and ascended the throne on September 7, 605 bc. During the next eight years he campaigned extensively in the west against Syria, Palestine, and Egypt and against the Arabs. On March 16, 597 bc, he captured Jerusalem and took Jehoiachin, king of Judah, and many of his people captive to Babylonia. He was subsequently troubled by major revolts in Babylonia (595 bc) and in Judah (588-587 bc), which were vigorously punished; many more Jews were exiled to Babylonia. Nebuchadnezzar also conducted a 13-year siege of the Phoenician city of Tyre and launched an invasion of Egypt in 568 bc. During the latter part of his reign, as the empire of the Medes increased in power to the north and east, Nebuchadnezzar built a wall, known as the Median Wall, in northern Babylonia to keep out the potential invader.

Nebuchadnezzar's conquests brought in much booty and tribute, creating an age of prosperity for Babylonia. He undertook an ambitious construction program, rebuilding the temples in the major cult cities and refurbishing his capital at Babylon with a splendid ziggurat (pyramid temple) as well as other shrines, palaces, fortification walls, and processional ways. Later legend credited him with building one of the Seven Wonders of the World, the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, for his Median wife Amyitis. Nebuchadnezzar died in early October 562 bc and was succeeded by his son Amel-Marduk (the biblical Evil-Merodach).

Contributed By: John A. Brinkman,© 1993-2003 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Inventor of the screw and screwpump.

Nebuchadnezzar II (Aramaic: ܢܵܒܘܼ ܟܘܼܕܘܼܪܝܼ ܐܘܼܨܘܼܪ ‎; English pronunciation: /nɛbəkədˈnɛzər/ ( listen); Arabic: بختنصر c 634 – 562 BC) was king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, who reigned c. 605 BC – 562 BC. According to the Bible, he conquered Judah and Jerusalem, and sent the Jews into exile. He is credited with the construction of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon and the destruction of the First Temple. He is featured in the Book of Daniel and is also mentioned in several other books of the Bible.
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Family tree of the Chaldean dynasty

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaldean_dynasty

The striding lion, with its tail curved upwards, was prominently used as a royal symbol during the Neo-Babylonian Empire, appearing on a large number of bricks, seals and contracts. Such lions were also, together with other animals, prominently used in the reliefs of Babylon's Procession Street. The symbol was also used to denote royal property, with objects belonging to the king being marked with a striding lion, together with a short inscription naming the king.[1]

Lion in the bas-relief on the Ishtar Gate at the Pergamon Museum in Berlin.

Source: < Wikimedia commons > CC BY 3.0

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References

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebuchadrezzar_II
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_inventors#N
• Nebuchadnezzar's Lineage < link >
• http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=jdp-fam&i...
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Babylon
• rashi melachim alef 10,13: nevuchadnetsar is descendant of shlomo and malkat sheva. source is haarizal
• http://www.livius.org/ne-nn/nebuchadnezzar/nebuchadnezzar.html
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaldean_dynasty