Tasunka Hotan 'John' Howling Horse

John was an Oglala Lakota Sioux man

The Lakota tribe first settled in Minnesota when the Europeans began to explore the land in the early 1600s. The tribe relied on small deer, game, and wild rice always contending with larger rival tribes. There was a major conflict with an enemy tribe, the Ojibwa, which caused the Lakota tribe to move to the west eventually. In the 1770s, Lakota Sioux tribe members acquired horses and learned how to hunt buffalo on the plains of the Dakotas, Wisconsin, and even in areas of Canada. The tribe has always been known for its intense warrior culture.

There were seven bands of Lakota Sioux, including:

• Ogala
• Hunkpapa
• Sicangu
• Miniconjous
• Sihasapa
• Itazipacola
• Oohenumpa

The Pine Ridge Indian Reservation:
Pine Ridge was originally part of the Great Sioux Reservation which was created through the Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868. The Great Sioux Reservation included all of South Dakota west of the Missouri River. The Great Sioux Reservation was later reduced to five reservations to be occupied by five reorganized tribes. Formally known as the Titonwan division of the Oceti Sakowin – Seven Council Fires or Great Sioux Nation composed of the Lakota, Dakota, and Nakota people. The reorganized Lakota tribes included the Oglala Sioux Tribe, Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, Rosebud Sioux Tribe, Lower Brule Sioux Tribe, and Standing Rock Sioux Tribe through the General Allotment Act enacted by the United States Congress. The Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, home of the Oglala Sioux Tribe, emerged out of this process.

The Districts of Pine Ridge:’’’

Biography:
John was born with the family name Tasunka Hotan c. November 1897 to Oglala Lakota Sioux parents Howling Horse and his wife Rachel NN. His mother Rachel was widowed before June 12, 1900, she then married Louis Jumping Bull in 1902 and he adopted her two children John and Mary Howling Horse. When she died, Louis remarried to Lizzie NN as his second wife and kept adopted custody of the two children although they became fully adult, over 18, and lived by their selves. Mary married Seth White Bull c. 1916 (she disappears from the 1916 census under the surname Howling Horse).

John Howling Horse disappears from the June 30, 1923 census which seems to confirm a date of death reported by Carla Joinson as May 17, 1923. He (probably) died in the Canton Asylum and his body was returned to the Pine Ridge Reservation to be buried. I’ve not been able to determine their burial locations.

His profile is part of the https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Canton_Asylum.

Research Notes:
-Mary seems to have married before June 30, 1916 as she disappears from census records under the name Howling Horse (She married Seth White Bull)
__________
Sources:

1898 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:66LP-QM9D : Wed Jan 08 16:20:46 UTC 2025), Entry for John Howling Horse, 1898, pg. 394/659, line 1250 (age 10 mo.), census of the Pine Ridge Agency, White Clay District, South Dakota

1899 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:662V-GJCL : Sat Jan 04 22:39:55 UTC 2025), Entry for John Howling Horse, 1899, pg. 538/659, line 1256 (age 1.10), census of the Indians of the Pine Ridge Reservation

1900 Jun 12 - "United States, Census, 1900", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MST6-4ZT : Tue Aug 20 19:15:52 UTC 2024), Entry for Rachel Howling Horse and Mary Howling Horse, 1900, pg. 109/354, line 8 (age 2 b=11.1897), census of the Pine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota

1900 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll368unit/page/n39/mode/1.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 40/622, line 1204 (age 2), census of the Indians of the Pine Ridge Reservation

1901 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll368unit/page/n187/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 188/622, line 1204 (age 2), census of the Indians of the Pine Ridge Reservation

1902 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll368unit/page/n335/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 336/622, line 1156 (age 8 S.S.), census of the Indians of the Pine Ridge Reservation

1903 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll368unit/page/n499/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 500/622, line 1149 (age 9 S.S.), census of the Indians of the Pine Ridge Reservation

1904 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll369unit/page/n32/mode/1.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 33/467, line 1161 (age 10 S.S.), census of the Indians of the Pine Ridge Reservation

1905 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll369unit/page/n172/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 173/467, line 1175 (age 11 S.S.), census of the Indians of the Pine Ridge Reservation

1906 - No census

1907 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll369unit/page/n317/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 318/467, line 1138 (age 13 S.S.), census of the Indians of the Pine Ridge Reservation

1908 - no census

1910 Apr 30 - "United States, Census, 1910", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MPXT-NTW : Sat Mar 09 14:11:39 UTC 2024), Entry for Louis Jumping Bull and Silas Jumping Bull, 1910, pg. 473/1005, line 33 (age 13), census of the Pine Ridge Agency, White Clay District, Shannon County, South Dakota

1913 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QGTD-45C4 : Sat Mar 09 05:32:40 UTC 2024), Entry for John Howling Horse, pg. 202/808, line 1196 (b=1894), census of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation

1913 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll370unit/page/n32/mode/1.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 33/805, line 1225 (b=1894), census of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation

1915 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll370unit/page/n199/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 200/805, line 1196 (b=1894), census of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District

1916 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll370unit/page/n406/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 407/805, line 1223 (b=1894), census of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District

1917 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll370unit/page/n621/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 622/805, line 1273 (b=1894), census of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District

1918 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll371unit/page/n43/mode/1.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 44/695, line 1240 (b=1894), census of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District

1919 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll371unit/page/n285/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 286/695, line 1234 (b=1894), census of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District

1920 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll371unit/page/n513/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 514/695, line 1247 (b=1894), census of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District

1920 Jan 30 - "United States, Census, 1920", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M6J7-FFW : Sun Mar 10 07:40:47 UTC 2024), Entry for John Howling Horse, 1920, pg. 651/1130, line 29 (age 26), census of the Asylum for Indians, Canton Township, Lincoln County, Souoth Dakota

1920 Jun 30 - Camp Verde School: 1910-27; Canton Insane Asylum: 1910-22, Series: Superintendents' Annual Narrative and Statistical Reports, Record Group 75: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 7th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20408 @ https://catalog.archives.gov/id/155854182?object, Page=pg. 898, line 14, male census of the Canton Asylum

1921 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:688C-J461 : Wed Dec 04 03:20:51 UTC 2024), Entry for John Howling Horse, 1921, pg. 508/522, line 15, male census of the Canton Asylum

1922 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QGJQ-MPRD : Sat Mar 09 07:02:32 UTC 2024), Entry for John Howling Horse, 1922, pg. 330/738, line 3112 (b=1894, BHS), census of the Oglala Sioux, Pine Ridge Agency, S. Dak.