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The surname Hilton-Barber developed from a wealthy farmer & race-horse owner in the Eastern Cape called Hilton Barber who was commonly known as "HILTON" & subsequently assumed the name Hilton Hilton-Barber. His line continued the "new" surname whilst other branches retained the the Barber (only) name. The South African town Barberton is named after the Barber brothers, being originally called Barber's Town.
Another branch of the family became Mitford-Barberton.
See book by Ivan Mitford-Barberton called "The Barbers of the Peak" published by Oxford University Press - 1934